Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,023 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (8%), and 75% came from other EU member states, with 3% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Norway79 kt (8%)United Kingdom40 kt (4%)Gibraltar28 kt (3%)Türkiye24 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU60 kt (6%)Belgium207 kt (20%)Netherlands180 kt (18%)Sweden137 kt (13%)Italy103 kt (10%)Germany48 kt (5%)Spain18 kt (2%)France17 kt (2%)Slovenia16 kt (2%)Other EU member states38 kt (4%)Origin not reported27 kt (3%)Germany179 kt (18%)Netherlands131 kt (13%)Denmark125 kt (12%)Finland103 kt (10%)Spain89 kt (9%)France87 kt (9%)Malta61 kt (6%)Belgium52 kt (5%)Austria50 kt (5%)Cyprus37 kt (4%)Slovenia26 kt (3%)Luxembourg18 kt (2%)Sweden18 kt (2%)Ireland14 kt (1%)Bulgaria11 kt (1%)Slovakia8.2 kt (<1%)Greece7.2 kt (<1%)Czechia3.0 kt (<1%)Portugal1.0 kt (<1%)Lithuania0.4 kt (<1%)Poland0.4 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Norway79 kt (8%)
- United Kingdom40 kt (4%)
- Gibraltar28 kt (3%)
- Türkiye24 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU60 kt (6%)
- Belgium207 kt (20%)
- Netherlands180 kt (18%)
- Sweden137 kt (13%)
- Italy103 kt (10%)
- Germany48 kt (5%)
- Spain18 kt (2%)
- France17 kt (2%)
- Slovenia16 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states38 kt (4%)
- Origin not reported27 kt (3%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 94,491 | 72.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 74,874 | 41.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 68,458 | 38.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 66,000 | 64.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 61,255 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 60,000 | 48.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 51,000 | 58.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 46,000 | 36.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 34,100 | 66.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 32,381 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 27,687 | 31.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 25,000 | 96.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Cyprus | 23,995 | 64.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Finland | 21,000 | 20.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Austria | 18,253 | 36.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovenia | Austria | 16,042 | 32.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Finland | 16,000 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 15,484 | 84.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 15,176 | 17.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 13,780 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 13,095 | 14.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 13,000 | 14.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 12,965 | 14.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 12,682 | 33.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 12,611 | 69.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Austria | 12,356 | 24.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 11,626 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 11,420 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 11,209 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 11,000 | 21.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 10,966 | 98.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 10,000 | 8.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | Spain | 9,286 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 8,156 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 8,000 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 7,000 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 6,500 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 6,000 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 5,944 | 82.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 5,930 | 6.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | France | 5,000 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 4,811 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 4,000 | 4.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 3,784 | 20.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 3,334 | 6.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 3,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 2,909 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 1,560 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Germany | 1,344 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 1,252 | 17.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Sweden | 1,112 | 6.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 1,048 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 1,045 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 1,014 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 1,000 | 3.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 779 | 2.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 702 | 3.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 500 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 371 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 351 | 0.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 300 | 75.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Netherlands | 208 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 206 | 1.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Lithuania | 100 | 25.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the heating and other gasoil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-04, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-04 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.