Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In July 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,239 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (6%) and Norway (6%), and 70% came from other EU member states, with 2% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom76 kt (6%)Norway72 kt (6%)Türkiye60 kt (5%)Saudi Arabia46 kt (4%)Gibraltar42 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU58 kt (5%)Belgium261 kt (21%)Sweden191 kt (15%)Netherlands172 kt (14%)Germany63 kt (5%)Spain53 kt (4%)Italy45 kt (4%)Greece21 kt (2%)Other EU member states58 kt (5%)Origin not reported21 kt (2%)Netherlands196 kt (16%)France168 kt (14%)Finland152 kt (12%)Germany143 kt (12%)Denmark136 kt (11%)Spain115 kt (9%)Malta95 kt (8%)Belgium72 kt (6%)Cyprus46 kt (4%)Austria38 kt (3%)Sweden19 kt (2%)Slovenia17 kt (1%)Bulgaria12 kt (<1%)Ireland8.5 kt (<1%)Greece5.6 kt (<1%)Luxembourg5.6 kt (<1%)Latvia4.0 kt (<1%)Portugal2.5 kt (<1%)Slovakia2.0 kt (<1%)Czechia1.0 kt (<1%)Croatia0.9 kt (<1%)Lithuania0.1 kt (<1%)Polandless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom76 kt (6%)
- Norway72 kt (6%)
- Türkiye60 kt (5%)
- Saudi Arabia46 kt (4%)
- Gibraltar42 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU58 kt (5%)
- Belgium261 kt (21%)
- Sweden191 kt (15%)
- Netherlands172 kt (14%)
- Germany63 kt (5%)
- Spain53 kt (4%)
- Italy45 kt (4%)
- Greece21 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states58 kt (5%)
- Origin not reported21 kt (2%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 136,991 | 70.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 107,000 | 70.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 78,000 | 57.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 65,000 | 38.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 60,793 | 42.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 58,000 | 34.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Malta | 45,976 | 48.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 41,701 | 36.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 40,900 | 56.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 38,621 | 27.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 37,000 | 27.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Malta | 36,021 | 37.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Spain | 35,951 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 31,366 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 31,200 | 43.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 27,929 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Finland | 27,000 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Cyprus | 23,996 | 52.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 18,000 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Finland | 18,000 | 11.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 16,871 | 14.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 16,733 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 15,793 | 13.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Austria | 14,481 | 37.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 14,349 | 37.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | France | 14,000 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 13,899 | 74.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Cyprus | 13,844 | 30.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia | 13,000 | 76.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 12,924 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 12,000 | 7.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 11,933 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 11,535 | 5.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Austria | 9,541 | 24.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 9,000 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 8,494 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 8,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 7,668 | 16.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 5,941 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 5,607 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 5,374 | 3.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Spain | 5,047 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 4,981 | 89.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 4,000 | 23.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 4,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 3,000 | 2.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Spain | Portugal | 2,515 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 2,472 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden | 2,242 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 2,031 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Netherlands | 1,826 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 1,030 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 1,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 900 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 451 | 0.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 389 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 199 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 100 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 100 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 27 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
6 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-07 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-07 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the heating and other gasoil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-07, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-07 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.