Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,600 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (7%), and 68% came from other EU member states, with 2% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States120 kt (7%)Türkiye79 kt (5%)Gibraltar60 kt (4%)Norway55 kt (3%)United Kingdom52 kt (3%)Georgia35 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU83 kt (5%)Belgium313 kt (20%)Netherlands213 kt (13%)Sweden169 kt (11%)Spain144 kt (9%)Italy92 kt (6%)Germany75 kt (5%)Other EU member states83 kt (5%)Origin not reported27 kt (2%)France344 kt (22%)Denmark278 kt (17%)Netherlands157 kt (10%)Finland142 kt (9%)Germany137 kt (9%)Spain131 kt (8%)Malta92 kt (6%)Belgium76 kt (5%)Cyprus63 kt (4%)Austria43 kt (3%)Italy25 kt (2%)Sweden22 kt (1%)Slovenia21 kt (1%)Bulgaria17 kt (1%)Luxembourg17 kt (1%)Ireland9.7 kt (<1%)Portugal9.1 kt (<1%)Greece5.6 kt (<1%)Latvia4.0 kt (<1%)Slovakia2.0 kt (<1%)Croatia2.0 kt (<1%)Poland0.4 kt (<1%)Lithuania0.2 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United States120 kt (7%)
- Türkiye79 kt (5%)
- Gibraltar60 kt (4%)
- Norway55 kt (3%)
- United Kingdom52 kt (3%)
- Georgia35 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU83 kt (5%)
- Belgium313 kt (20%)
- Netherlands213 kt (13%)
- Sweden169 kt (11%)
- Spain144 kt (9%)
- Italy92 kt (6%)
- Germany75 kt (5%)
- Other EU member states83 kt (5%)
- Origin not reported27 kt (2%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spain | France | 91,000 | 26.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 85,000 | 30.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 83,814 | 53.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 80,000 | 23.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 69,272 | 50.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 65,000 | 18.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 64,000 | 45.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 59,783 | 45.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Malta | 57,084 | 61.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 51,200 | 67.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 51,044 | 38.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Cyprus | 48,454 | 76.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 45,051 | 32.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 38,000 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 35,375 | 38.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Georgia | Denmark | 35,000 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Denmark | 35,000 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Finland | 32,000 | 22.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 29,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 29,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 26,000 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Italy | 24,979 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 22,728 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Finland | 22,000 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 20,334 | 15.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 20,265 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Denmark | 20,000 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 19,507 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 17,794 | 41.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 16,000 | 4.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 15,018 | 11.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 15,000 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 14,515 | 86.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 14,304 | 33.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 13,365 | 61.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Denmark | 13,000 | 4.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Finland | 12,000 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 12,000 | 8.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 11,600 | 15.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Denmark | 11,000 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 11,000 | 52.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 11,000 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 10,924 | 64.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Austria | 10,902 | 25.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 10,244 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovenia | 10,000 | 47.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 9,710 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 9,118 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 8,000 | 2.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Belgium | 7,800 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 7,000 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 6,529 | 4.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 6,000 | 2.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Türkiye | Bulgaria | 5,998 | 35.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 5,607 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Cyprus | 5,500 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 4,847 | 7.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Cyprus | 4,500 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 4,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 3,300 | 4.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 3,280 | 15.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 2,919 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 2,500 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden | 2,286 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 2,047 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 2,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 1,546 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 1,035 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 920 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 808 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 395 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 200 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Germany | 140 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-09 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the heating and other gasoil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-09, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-09 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.