Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,600 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (7%), and 68% came from other EU member states, with 2% not attributed to any country.
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Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Denmark
- Netherlands
- Finland
- Germany
- Other EU (18)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (25) | Other EU (18) | 157,690 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (25) | Denmark | 109,000 | 39.2% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | France | 91,000 | 26.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 85,000 | 30.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 83,814 | 53.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 80,000 | 23.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Other EU (18) | 79,431 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (18) | 71,599 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 69,272 | 50.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 65,000 | 18.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 64,000 | 45.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (18) | 62,777 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (18) | 58,844 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (18) | 54,927 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 45,051 | 32.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (25) | Finland | 44,000 | 31.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Denmark | 35,000 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 29,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 29,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 26,000 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (25) | France | 23,000 | 6.7% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 22,728 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (25) | Germany | 22,582 | 16.5% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Finland | 22,000 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (18) | 21,840 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (18) | 20,335 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 20,265 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Denmark | 20,000 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 19,507 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Other EU (18) | 13,618 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Finland | 12,000 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (25) | Netherlands | 11,164 | 7.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Denmark | 11,000 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 11,000 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 6,000 | 2.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Sweden | Germany | 140 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the heating and other gasoil was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-09, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-09 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.