Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,614 kt of heating and other gasoil, and 70% came from other EU member states, with 2% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom64 kt (4%)Israel60 kt (4%)Norway56 kt (3%)United States54 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU218 kt (13%)Netherlands292 kt (18%)Belgium254 kt (16%)Sweden163 kt (10%)France94 kt (6%)Italy85 kt (5%)Germany71 kt (4%)Spain71 kt (4%)Greece41 kt (3%)Other EU member states58 kt (4%)Origin not reported34 kt (2%)France280 kt (17%)Germany193 kt (12%)Denmark182 kt (11%)Finland161 kt (10%)Belgium154 kt (10%)Netherlands145 kt (9%)Malta104 kt (6%)Spain89 kt (6%)Italy65 kt (4%)Austria50 kt (3%)Cyprus47 kt (3%)Greece42 kt (3%)Slovenia36 kt (2%)Sweden23 kt (1%)Luxembourg19 kt (1%)Ireland12 kt (<1%)Bulgaria4.3 kt (<1%)Estonia3.0 kt (<1%)Croatia2.7 kt (<1%)Portugal1.3 kt (<1%)Czechia1.0 kt (<1%)Poland0.4 kt (<1%)Lithuania0.2 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom64 kt (4%)
- Israel60 kt (4%)
- Norway56 kt (3%)
- United States54 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU218 kt (13%)
- Netherlands292 kt (18%)
- Belgium254 kt (16%)
- Sweden163 kt (10%)
- France94 kt (6%)
- Italy85 kt (5%)
- Germany71 kt (4%)
- Spain71 kt (4%)
- Greece41 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states58 kt (4%)
- Origin not reported34 kt (2%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | France | 123,000 | 43.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 96,000 | 59.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 88,839 | 46.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 82,222 | 42.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 65,000 | 35.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Malta | 64,130 | 61.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 60,500 | 39.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 52,000 | 28.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 50,100 | 32.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 49,793 | 34.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 49,000 | 17.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Finland | 47,000 | 29.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 45,000 | 16.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Israel | Italy | 43,146 | 65.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 43,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 39,741 | 38.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 36,000 | 19.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 35,043 | 24.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 33,012 | 37.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Greece | 30,719 | 74.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 30,714 | 64.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 25,913 | 17.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 24,800 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 23,501 | 26.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Spain | Italy | 22,299 | 34.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 19,000 | 52.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 19,000 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 18,487 | 37.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 16,676 | 90.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Israel | Cyprus | 16,631 | 35.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 16,426 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Austria | 16,104 | 32.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 16,100 | 10.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 16,012 | 69.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 15,307 | 30.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 14,912 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Finland | 14,000 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 12,438 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 12,101 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 11,000 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 10,814 | 26.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Spain | 10,137 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 10,034 | 11.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia | 10,000 | 27.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 9,573 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 9,000 | 4.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 8,000 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovenia | 6,000 | 16.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 4,853 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 4,346 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Germany | 4,078 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 4,000 | 2.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 3,668 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 3,264 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 2,700 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 2,700 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Sweden | 2,240 | 9.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 2,000 | 66.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Portugal | 1,303 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 1,253 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 1,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Estonia | 1,000 | 33.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 1,000 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 942 | 0.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 934 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 921 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Sweden | 702 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 466 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 431 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 100 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Lithuania | 100 | 50.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-10 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the heating and other gasoil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Hungary, Latvia, Romania, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.