Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,482 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (8%), and 65% came from other EU member states, with 3% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Norway114 kt (8%)Algeria47 kt (3%)Canada45 kt (3%)Gibraltar38 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU232 kt (16%)Belgium282 kt (19%)Netherlands168 kt (11%)Spain154 kt (10%)Sweden137 kt (9%)Italy47 kt (3%)France45 kt (3%)Germany43 kt (3%)Finland38 kt (3%)Other EU member states50 kt (3%)Origin not reported41 kt (3%)Denmark210 kt (14%)France209 kt (14%)Germany207 kt (14%)Netherlands164 kt (11%)Spain140 kt (9%)Finland126 kt (9%)Malta99 kt (7%)Belgium84 kt (6%)Cyprus47 kt (3%)Austria39 kt (3%)Italy25 kt (2%)Slovenia23 kt (2%)Greece22 kt (2%)Luxembourg22 kt (1%)Sweden19 kt (1%)Bulgaria15 kt (1%)Ireland12 kt (<1%)Portugal12 kt (<1%)Latvia4.5 kt (<1%)Slovakia1.5 kt (<1%)Croatia1.0 kt (<1%)Poland0.3 kt (<1%)Lithuania0.1 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Norway114 kt (8%)
- Algeria47 kt (3%)
- Canada45 kt (3%)
- Gibraltar38 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU232 kt (16%)
- Belgium282 kt (19%)
- Netherlands168 kt (11%)
- Spain154 kt (10%)
- Sweden137 kt (9%)
- Italy47 kt (3%)
- France45 kt (3%)
- Germany43 kt (3%)
- Finland38 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states50 kt (3%)
- Origin not reported41 kt (3%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 115,533 | 70.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 110,915 | 53.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Malta | 98,669 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 80,000 | 63.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 77,000 | 36.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 54,467 | 26.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 52,000 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 50,638 | 36.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 48,000 | 23.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | France | 47,000 | 22.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Canada | Denmark | 45,000 | 21.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 44,000 | 52.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 40,976 | 86.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Finland | 39,000 | 31.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Gibraltar | Spain | 37,970 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 33,000 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | France | 33,000 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 32,950 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 29,300 | 34.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Italy | 24,902 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 21,149 | 15.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 19,340 | 87.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 17,000 | 73.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 16,231 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 16,000 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 15,807 | 40.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 15,185 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 15,064 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 15,000 | 7.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 14,000 | 6.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Austria | 13,483 | 34.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 13,000 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 13,000 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Ireland | 11,919 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Portugal | 11,526 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Greece | 11,215 | 50.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Greece | 11,181 | 49.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 9,883 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 9,597 | 24.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 9,196 | 6.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Netherlands | 8,337 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 8,000 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Finland | 7,000 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 7,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 6,809 | 36.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 6,177 | 13.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 5,515 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 5,390 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 5,152 | 27.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 5,037 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 5,000 | 2.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 4,526 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Slovenia | 4,000 | 17.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 3,334 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 3,329 | 1.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 3,021 | 1.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Germany | 2,655 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 2,600 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 2,582 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Slovenia | 2,000 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 1,816 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 1,613 | 1.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 1,510 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 1,419 | 7.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Sweden | 1,147 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Denmark | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 907 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 900 | 90.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Sweden | 705 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 346 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Croatia | 100 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 100 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-12 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the heating and other gasoil was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.