Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,482 kt of heating and other gasoil; the largest origins outside the EU were Norway (8%), and 65% came from other EU member states, with 3% not attributed to any country.
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Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- Denmark
- France
- Germany
- Netherlands
- Spain
- Other EU (18)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (30) | Other EU (18) | 222,933 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 115,533 | 70.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Other EU (18) | 112,900 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 110,915 | 53.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (30) | France | 88,000 | 42.1% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Other EU (18) | 80,000 | 63.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 77,000 | 36.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (30) | Denmark | 60,000 | 28.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 54,467 | 26.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 52,000 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 50,638 | 36.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (30) | Spain | 47,286 | 33.7% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Algeria | France | 47,000 | 22.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (18) | 41,764 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (18) | 33,541 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | France | 33,000 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 32,950 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Other EU (18) | 32,902 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (18) | 26,340 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (30) | Netherlands | 22,313 | 13.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Spain | 21,149 | 15.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | Spain | 16,231 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 16,000 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 15,000 | 7.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | France | 13,000 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 13,000 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 9,883 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 8,337 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (30) | Germany | 6,350 | 3.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 5,390 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 5,037 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 5,000 | 2.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| France | Germany | 2,655 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 2,582 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Other EU (18) | 1,147 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the heating and other gasoil was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.