Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,544 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Kuwait (17%), India (11%) and the United Arab Emirates (8%), and 32% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Germany
- France
- Netherlands
- Spain
- Italy
- Ireland
- Belgium
- Luxembourg
- Other EU (15)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 484,241 | 85.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | France | 196,000 | 34.4% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Other EU (15) | 187,507 | — | Summed by usSum of 13 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 163,625 | 56.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 161,000 | 28.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 150,729 | 41.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 144,000 | 25.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Ireland | 113,795 | 98.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Italy | 102,896 | 45.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Other EU (15) | 101,022 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Germany | 84,976 | 14.9% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Netherlands | 81,095 | 22.5% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kuwait | Netherlands | 71,271 | 19.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Italy | 68,391 | 30.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 65,200 | 91.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Spain | 63,722 | 22.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | France | 63,000 | 11.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Netherlands | 57,546 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 55,486 | 19.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Luxembourg | 51,363 | 92.5% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Italy | 33,018 | 14.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 22,896 | 10.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Belgium | 6,300 | 8.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | France | 5,000 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 4,484 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 4,146 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Ireland | 1,629 | 1.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.