Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,725 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Kuwait (12%), India (10%) and the South Korea (9%), and 36% came from other EU member states, with 4% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total jet fuel imports reported (Sep 2024)
604.0 thousand tonnes
22% of reported EU jet fuel imports
Official
Top origin countries
- Other origins (31)302 kt (50%)
- South Korea153 kt (25%)
- China100 kt (17%)
and 3 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 451,370 | 83.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | France | 302,000 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Other EU (14) | 201,396 | — | Summed by usSum of 12 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Netherlands | 177,828 | 49.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Netherlands | 166,716 | 46.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| South Korea | France | 153,000 | 25.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Ireland | 126,756 | 91.5% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| China | France | 100,000 | 16.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Italy | 98,392 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | Italy | 98,370 | 50.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins (31) | Germany | 89,714 | 16.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Spain | 83,931 | 42.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Spain | 80,510 | 40.7% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 73,900 | 41.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Other EU (14) | 70,615 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| China | Other EU (14) | 70,000 | 77.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| South Korea | Belgium | 66,600 | 37.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 46,026 | 45.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (14) | 44,169 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kuwait | Sweden | 41,162 | 40.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 40,000 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Belgium | 36,100 | 20.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 33,324 | 16.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| South Korea | Other EU (14) | 18,850 | 22.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (31) | Netherlands | 15,471 | 4.3% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (31) | Sweden | 15,203 | 14.8% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 11,829 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 6,000 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 3,000 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Kuwait | Belgium | 2,800 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-09, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-09 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Finland, Greece, Lithuania, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.