Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,963 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Kuwait (16%), India (11%) and China (9%), and 33% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total jet fuel imports reported (Aug 2025)
118.4 thousand tonnes
4% of reported EU jet fuel imports
Official
Top origin countries
- Other origins (26)118 kt (100%)
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 493,097 | 86.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 293,000 | 43.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Other EU (15) | 220,733 | — | Summed by usSum of 14 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | France | 215,000 | 31.8% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| China | Netherlands | 208,729 | 44.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Netherlands | 131,779 | 28.2% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Netherlands | 126,900 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Ireland | 118,443 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 97,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Italy | 95,685 | 50.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Italy | 95,459 | 49.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 87,900 | 47.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Spain | 85,975 | 39.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Spain | 84,051 | 38.6% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Germany | 79,614 | 13.9% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Other EU (15) | 62,926 | 62.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Denmark | 60,000 | 50.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Denmark | 58,000 | 49.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Belgium | 56,300 | 30.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| China | France | 54,000 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Other EU (15) | 51,048 | 63.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (15) | 44,231 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Spain | 42,883 | 19.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Belgium | 39,900 | 21.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Other EU (15) | 38,638 | 38.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 17,000 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| China | Spain | 4,878 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (15) | 153 | 1.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland, Greece, Lithuania, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.