Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,522 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Kuwait (11%), India (11%) and the United Arab Emirates (10%), and 34% came from other EU member states.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (May 2024)
278.7 thousand tonnes
11% of reported EU jet fuel imports
Official
Top destination countries
- France115 kt (41%)
- Spain60 kt (21%)
- Sweden58 kt (21%)
and 2 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 444,679 | 92.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Other EU (15) | 273,159 | — | Summed by usSum of 15 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Italy | 158,084 | 54.9% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | France | 157,000 | 34.1% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Arab Emirates | Netherlands | 145,777 | 35.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 115,000 | 24.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Ireland | 113,145 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Spain | 110,921 | 47.3% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (26) | Netherlands | 108,388 | 26.4% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Italy | 97,948 | 34.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 97,000 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | France | 92,000 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 90,734 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 63,858 | 27.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Spain | 59,515 | 25.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Sweden | 58,044 | 59.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (15) | 47,773 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Denmark | 46,000 | 65.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 39,792 | 40.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Germany | 38,155 | 7.9% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 33,840 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 32,171 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Netherlands | 31,164 | 7.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Other EU (15) | 16,000 | 32.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Other EU (15) | 15,000 | 30.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 14,000 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Other EU (15) | 13,000 | 26.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (26) | Denmark | 10,000 | 14.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.