Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,178 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Arab Emirates (15%), Kuwait (13%) and India (10%), and 40% came from other EU member states.
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Country it was last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Mar 2024)
518.1 thousand tonnes
24% of reported EU jet fuel imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Germany393 kt (76%)
- Belgium51 kt (10%)
- Sweden35 kt (7%)
and 2 more in the table above
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 393,157 | 84.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (22) | Other EU (14) | 229,997 | — | Summed by usSum of 14 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 188,000 | 45.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (22) | Netherlands | 186,425 | 35.4% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kuwait | Netherlands | 164,288 | 31.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 151,349 | 28.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (22) | France | 105,000 | 25.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (22) | Ireland | 85,885 | 75.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (22) | Germany | 72,105 | 15.5% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Arab Emirates | Italy | 65,018 | 58.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 51,300 | 48.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| China | France | 50,000 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Denmark | 50,000 | 51.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| China | Denmark | 47,000 | 48.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 41,000 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Belgium | 39,000 | 37.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Italy | 37,763 | 34.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Sweden | 37,028 | 36.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 35,146 | 34.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | France | 33,000 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (22) | Sweden | 29,975 | 29.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 28,161 | 24.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Netherlands | 24,185 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (22) | Belgium | 14,600 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (14) | 10,311 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (22) | Italy | 8,362 | 7.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the jet fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-03, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-03 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece, Lithuania, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.