Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,335 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (13%), the United Kingdom (7%) and Türkiye (5%), and 48% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands515 kt (22%)United States298 kt (13%)Belgium238 kt (10%)United Kingdom172 kt (7%)Türkiye118 kt (5%)Other origins (37)959 kt (41%)Origin not reported33 kt (1%)France468 kt (20%)Germany466 kt (20%)Netherlands415 kt (18%)Italy242 kt (10%)Spain240 kt (10%)Ireland105 kt (4%)Belgium99 kt (4%)Luxembourg55 kt (2%)Other EU (15)244 kt (10%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Germany
- Netherlands
- Italy
- Spain
- Ireland
- Belgium
- Luxembourg
- Other EU (15)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 382,256 | 82.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | France | 286,000 | 61.1% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Italy | 184,194 | 76.1% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Netherlands | 153,543 | 37.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Spain | 142,127 | 59.1% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Other EU (15) | 135,817 | — | Summed by usSum of 11 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Netherlands | 129,909 | 31.3% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 105,824 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 104,791 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 72,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Spain | 59,925 | 24.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Italy | 57,984 | 23.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 55,103 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 47,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (15) | 40,893 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United States | Other EU (15) | 39,100 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 38,300 | 38.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 35,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Belgium | 34,400 | 34.7% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 34,312 | 62.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 33,594 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (37) | Germany | 28,492 | 6.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 26,500 | 26.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 26,100 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (15) | 20,205 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (37) | Luxembourg | 18,413 | 33.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | France | 15,000 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 13,000 | 2.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | Other EU (15) | 7,928 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 4,843 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 2,007 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2026-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Finland, Greece, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.