Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In June 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,432 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Kuwait (25%) and India (10%), and 30% came from other EU member states, with 4% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Kuwait608 kt (25%)India250 kt (10%)China120 kt (5%)United Kingdom112 kt (5%)Saudi Arabia105 kt (4%)Egypt74 kt (3%)South Korea69 kt (3%)United Arab Emirates65 kt (3%)Nigeria58 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU132 kt (5%)Netherlands502 kt (21%)France79 kt (3%)Belgium54 kt (2%)Other EU member states106 kt (4%)Origin not reported98 kt (4%)France579 kt (24%)Germany487 kt (20%)Netherlands473 kt (19%)Italy224 kt (9%)Ireland112 kt (5%)Belgium107 kt (4%)Denmark105 kt (4%)Spain84 kt (3%)Luxembourg54 kt (2%)Sweden47 kt (2%)Portugal43 kt (2%)Slovenia40 kt (2%)Cyprus22 kt (<1%)Czechia15 kt (<1%)Latvia10 kt (<1%)Hungary7.0 kt (<1%)Malta5.0 kt (<1%)Estonia5.0 kt (<1%)Croatia4.1 kt (<1%)Slovakia3.6 kt (<1%)Austria3.1 kt (<1%)Bulgaria0.7 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Country it was last shipped from
- Kuwait608 kt (25%)
- India250 kt (10%)
- China120 kt (5%)
- United Kingdom112 kt (5%)
- Saudi Arabia105 kt (4%)
- Egypt74 kt (3%)
- South Korea69 kt (3%)
- United Arab Emirates65 kt (3%)
- Nigeria58 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU132 kt (5%)
- Netherlands502 kt (21%)
- France79 kt (3%)
- Belgium54 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states106 kt (4%)
- Origin not reported98 kt (4%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 416,944 | 85.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Netherlands | 303,370 | 64.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 223,000 | 38.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | France | 132,000 | 22.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 111,890 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Italy | 98,316 | 43.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| India | Netherlands | 88,158 | 18.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 65,000 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Denmark | 65,000 | 61.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 58,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 58,000 | 10.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 53,900 | 50.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| China | Netherlands | 47,644 | 10.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Luxembourg | 47,380 | 87.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Slovenia | 40,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| South Korea | Denmark | 40,000 | 38.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Belgium | 40,000 | 37.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 39,528 | 46.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| China | Spain | 37,712 | 44.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 36,852 | 16.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| China | Portugal | 35,000 | 81.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 32,677 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Sweden | 31,777 | 68.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Italy | 30,240 | 13.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| India | Italy | 29,820 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 29,266 | 13.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| South Korea | France | 29,000 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Germany | 19,925 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 18,886 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 17,674 | 3.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 15,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 14,928 | 32.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 13,053 | 59.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 11,751 | 2.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Belgium | 11,400 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | France | 9,000 | 1.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 8,990 | 40.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 8,323 | 83.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kuwait | Portugal | 8,200 | 19.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 7,256 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 7,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | France | 5,000 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 5,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 4,292 | 7.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Croatia | 4,147 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 3,552 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 3,377 | 0.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 3,338 | 66.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 3,089 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 2,675 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Malta | 1,673 | 33.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kuwait | Latvia | 1,373 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 1,300 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 718 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Latvia | 329 | 3.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-06 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-06 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the jet fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-06, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-06 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland, Greece, Lithuania, Poland, Romania. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.