Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,437 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Kuwait (19%), India (9%) and the United Arab Emirates (8%), and 32% came from other EU member states, with 4% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Kuwait463 kt (19%)India217 kt (9%)United Arab Emirates200 kt (8%)Saudi Arabia144 kt (6%)United States122 kt (5%)United Kingdom119 kt (5%)Oman76 kt (3%)South Korea68 kt (3%)Egypt64 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU74 kt (3%)Netherlands502 kt (21%)Belgium113 kt (5%)France65 kt (3%)Other EU member states111 kt (5%)Origin not reported97 kt (4%)Germany522 kt (21%)France430 kt (18%)Netherlands377 kt (15%)Italy255 kt (10%)Belgium165 kt (7%)Ireland158 kt (6%)Spain121 kt (5%)Denmark68 kt (3%)Greece65 kt (3%)Slovenia64 kt (3%)Luxembourg54 kt (2%)Sweden51 kt (2%)Cyprus31 kt (1%)Malta17 kt (<1%)Finland15 kt (<1%)Hungary13 kt (<1%)Czechia10 kt (<1%)Latvia9.7 kt (<1%)Bulgaria5.1 kt (<1%)Austria3.6 kt (<1%)Slovakia2.5 kt (<1%)Romania1.0 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Kuwait463 kt (19%)
- India217 kt (9%)
- United Arab Emirates200 kt (8%)
- Saudi Arabia144 kt (6%)
- United States122 kt (5%)
- United Kingdom119 kt (5%)
- Oman76 kt (3%)
- South Korea68 kt (3%)
- Egypt64 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU74 kt (3%)
- Netherlands502 kt (21%)
- Belgium113 kt (5%)
- France65 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states111 kt (5%)
- Origin not reported97 kt (4%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 415,913 | 79.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 286,000 | 66.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 119,479 | 75.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 102,586 | 27.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Italy | 97,001 | 38.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Italy | 96,651 | 37.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United Arab Emirates | Belgium | 95,000 | 57.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Netherlands | 92,404 | 24.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 81,000 | 18.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 79,120 | 65.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Netherlands | 76,441 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Oman | Netherlands | 76,350 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 70,400 | 42.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| South Korea | Denmark | 68,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Greece | 64,777 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Slovenia | 64,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 62,655 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Luxembourg | 42,588 | 79.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 41,834 | 34.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 39,796 | 15.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Sweden | 39,656 | 77.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Ireland | 28,416 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 23,000 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Germany | 22,675 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Italy | 21,783 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 19,343 | 62.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 17,253 | 3.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 17,000 | 4.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Finland | 15,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Malta | 13,028 | 76.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 13,000 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 13,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 12,908 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 11,418 | 37.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 10,923 | 2.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 10,098 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 10,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 8,722 | 17.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 7,943 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | France | 6,000 | 1.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 5,879 | 60.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 5,076 | 99.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 4,019 | 23.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kuwait | Latvia | 3,650 | 37.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 3,614 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 3,289 | 0.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 3,260 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 3,003 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 3,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 2,727 | 5.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 2,525 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Netherlands | 1,585 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 1,000 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 1,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Latvia | 125 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Bulgaria | 31 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-10 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Estonia, Lithuania, Poland, Portugal. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.