Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,466 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Kuwait (22%), India (15%) and Saudi Arabia (8%), and 30% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Kuwait544 kt (22%)India378 kt (15%)Saudi Arabia200 kt (8%)Egypt117 kt (5%)South Korea99 kt (4%)United Kingdom88 kt (4%)United States72 kt (3%)Libya52 kt (2%)Türkiye40 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU135 kt (5%)Netherlands505 kt (20%)Belgium103 kt (4%)France64 kt (3%)Other EU member states70 kt (3%)Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands472 kt (19%)Germany469 kt (19%)France454 kt (18%)Belgium212 kt (9%)Italy178 kt (7%)Denmark137 kt (6%)Sweden115 kt (5%)Spain103 kt (4%)Ireland95 kt (4%)Luxembourg56 kt (2%)Finland36 kt (1%)Slovenia32 kt (1%)Malta26 kt (1%)Cyprus24 kt (<1%)Portugal20 kt (<1%)Hungary17 kt (<1%)Latvia8.0 kt (<1%)Czechia6.0 kt (<1%)Bulgaria3.4 kt (<1%)Austria2.1 kt (<1%)Romania2.0 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- Kuwait544 kt (22%)
- India378 kt (15%)
- Saudi Arabia200 kt (8%)
- Egypt117 kt (5%)
- South Korea99 kt (4%)
- United Kingdom88 kt (4%)
- United States72 kt (3%)
- Libya52 kt (2%)
- Türkiye40 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU135 kt (5%)
- Netherlands505 kt (20%)
- Belgium103 kt (4%)
- France64 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states70 kt (3%)
- Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 377,202 | 80.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 194,000 | 42.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Netherlands | 188,342 | 39.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | France | 159,000 | 35.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Denmark | 137,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Netherlands | 104,272 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Belgium | 97,100 | 45.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 88,260 | 93.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 83,900 | 39.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| South Korea | Netherlands | 83,176 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Netherlands | 76,855 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 59,876 | 12.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Saudi Arabia | Italy | 58,462 | 32.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Italy | 57,721 | 32.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Luxembourg | 47,195 | 84.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Sweden | 40,006 | 34.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Sweden | 38,044 | 33.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 37,000 | 8.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Saudi Arabia | Spain | 36,853 | 35.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Slovenia | 32,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 28,900 | 13.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Spain | 27,937 | 27.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Italy | 27,936 | 15.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 27,123 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Egypt | France | 27,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 25,514 | 22.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Spain | 24,853 | 24.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Portugal | 20,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 19,638 | 82.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 17,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Germany | 16,975 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| South Korea | Finland | 16,000 | 44.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 15,000 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Finland | 15,000 | 41.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 13,168 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Malta | 11,534 | 43.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 10,997 | 9.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 9,941 | 9.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 9,850 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Malta | 9,656 | 36.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 9,536 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | France | 9,000 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 6,897 | 3.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Ireland | 6,381 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 6,000 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 6,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | France | 6,000 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 5,845 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 5,084 | 19.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Kuwait | Finland | 5,000 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Latvia | 4,765 | 59.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 4,286 | 17.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 3,369 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 3,242 | 40.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Spain | 3,063 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 3,052 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 2,070 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 2,000 | 0.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Romania | 2,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 1,367 | 0.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-11 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Estonia, Greece, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.