Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,963 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Kuwait (16%), India (11%) and China (9%), and 33% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands642 kt (22%)Kuwait474 kt (16%)India328 kt (11%)China268 kt (9%)United Arab Emirates208 kt (7%)South Korea193 kt (7%)United Kingdom192 kt (6%)Belgium148 kt (5%)Other origins (23)510 kt (17%)Origin not reported0.2 kt (<1%)France676 kt (23%)Germany573 kt (19%)Netherlands467 kt (16%)Spain218 kt (7%)Italy191 kt (6%)Other EU (18)838 kt (28%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Germany
- Netherlands
- Spain
- Italy
- Other EU (18)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 493,097 | 86.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | France | 293,000 | 43.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| China | Netherlands | 208,729 | 44.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (18) | 183,743 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (23) | Other EU (18) | 175,129 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (18) | 132,131 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Netherlands | 126,900 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | Other EU (18) | 111,048 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| South Korea | France | 105,000 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 97,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Italy | 95,685 | 50.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Italy | 95,459 | 49.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Kuwait | Other EU (18) | 94,938 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Kuwait | Spain | 85,975 | 39.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | France | 80,000 | 11.8% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (23) | Spain | 78,067 | 35.8% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| India | Other EU (18) | 62,926 | 62.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| China | France | 54,000 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| South Korea | Netherlands | 48,597 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| India | Spain | 42,883 | 19.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Netherlands | 41,131 | 8.8% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 39,914 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| South Korea | Other EU (18) | 39,900 | 21.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Germany | 39,700 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (18) | 38,304 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 33,443 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 30,000 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 17,000 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 8,608 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 5,984 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| China | Spain | 4,878 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (18) | 153 | 1.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
Source & method
Source Period 2025-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Finland, Greece, Lithuania, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.