Fuel Origin

Flows

How oil reaches each country

Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.

In April 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,016 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were Nigeria (12%), Kuwait (7%) and the United States (6%), and 48% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.

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  • Reported (solid)
  • Summed by us (dotted)
  • Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
Reported imports, largest first
FromToTonnesShareHow we know
NetherlandsGermany350,85485.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins (30)Other EU (20)275,590—Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page.
Other origins (30)Italy199,22782.3%Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page.
NigeriaFrance166,00054.4%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
KuwaitNetherlands146,38261.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
NetherlandsOther EU (20)97,730—Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page.
United KingdomOther EU (20)96,891—Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page.
NigeriaSpain83,90634.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins (30)Spain66,47227.1%Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page.
United StatesFrance64,00021.0%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumOther EU (20)61,086—Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page.
United StatesSpain54,71722.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins (30)France51,00016.7%Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page.
GreeceItaly42,95117.7%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumGermany42,04710.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GreeceSpain39,91616.3%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
BelgiumNetherlands36,76515.5%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyNetherlands35,16514.8%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GermanyOther EU (20)32,582—Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page.
BelgiumFrance19,0006.2%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Other origins (30)Germany18,6704.5%Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page.
United KingdomNetherlands17,9937.6%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
GreeceOther EU (20)6,103—Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page.
Origin not reportedFrance5,0001.6%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
United StatesOther EU (20)4,01145.1%ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
Origin not reportedOther EU (20)1,09747.2%Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners.
Other origins (30)Netherlands5810.2%Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page.

2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.

Source & method
Source
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Period 2026-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV

Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-04, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).

Month: 2026-04 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).

Not in the diagram: Croatia, Portugal. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.

  • Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
  • Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
  • A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.