Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,335 kt of jet fuel; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (13%), the United Kingdom (7%) and Türkiye (5%), and 48% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States298 kt (13%)United Kingdom172 kt (7%)Türkiye118 kt (5%)Canada117 kt (5%)Israel102 kt (4%)United Arab Emirates98 kt (4%)India65 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU202 kt (9%)Netherlands515 kt (22%)Belgium238 kt (10%)Germany108 kt (5%)Greece79 kt (3%)Italy57 kt (2%)Other EU member states130 kt (6%)Origin not reported33 kt (1%)France468 kt (20%)Germany466 kt (20%)Netherlands415 kt (18%)Italy242 kt (10%)Spain240 kt (10%)Ireland105 kt (4%)Belgium99 kt (4%)Luxembourg55 kt (2%)Denmark48 kt (2%)Slovenia35 kt (1%)Hungary34 kt (1%)Cyprus27 kt (1%)Czechia24 kt (1%)Portugal20 kt (<1%)Malta14 kt (<1%)Sweden12 kt (<1%)Latvia8.7 kt (<1%)Austria8.2 kt (<1%)Estonia7.0 kt (<1%)Bulgaria3.0 kt (<1%)Poland1.4 kt (<1%)Romania1.0 kt (<1%)Lithuania0.8 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- France
- Germany
- Netherlands
- Italy
- Spain
- Ireland
- Belgium
- Luxembourg
- Other EU (15)
- United States298 kt (13%)
- United Kingdom172 kt (7%)
- Türkiye118 kt (5%)
- Canada117 kt (5%)
- Israel102 kt (4%)
- United Arab Emirates98 kt (4%)
- India65 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU202 kt (9%)
- Netherlands515 kt (22%)
- Belgium238 kt (10%)
- Germany108 kt (5%)
- Greece79 kt (3%)
- Italy57 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states130 kt (6%)
- Origin not reported33 kt (1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 382,256 | 82.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 153,543 | 37.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 105,824 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 104,791 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Arab Emirates | France | 98,000 | 20.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Israel | France | 89,000 | 19.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 83,920 | 34.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | France | 72,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 68,327 | 28.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| India | Italy | 64,774 | 26.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Spain | 59,925 | 24.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Italy | 57,984 | 23.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Canada | France | 56,000 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 55,103 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Canada | Netherlands | 51,836 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 50,021 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 47,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Italy | 42,951 | 17.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 38,300 | 38.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 35,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Slovenia | 35,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 34,312 | 62.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 33,594 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Spain | 31,880 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 29,437 | 60.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 28,095 | 6.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 27,857 | 6.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 27,300 | 80.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 26,500 | 26.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 26,327 | 10.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 26,100 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 25,500 | 25.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 22,000 | 4.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 21,000 | 87.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 19,974 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 19,020 | 39.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Luxembourg | 18,413 | 33.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 18,000 | 3.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | France | 15,000 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Israel | Cyprus | 13,470 | 50.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 13,000 | 2.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 11,124 | 91.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Cyprus | 9,795 | 36.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 8,967 | 66.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Canada | Belgium | 8,900 | 9.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 8,142 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Austria | 7,046 | 85.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 7,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 4,843 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 4,600 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Malta | 4,596 | 33.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 4,560 | 52.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Latvia | 4,100 | 47.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 3,610 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | France | 3,000 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 2,007 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 2,000 | 5.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 2,000 | 8.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 1,948 | 64.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | Poland | 1,185 | 87.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Belgium | Austria | 1,156 | 14.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Bulgaria | 1,052 | 35.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 1,027 | 8.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Czechia | 1,000 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Romania | 1,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 800 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Poland | 176 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
4 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the jet fuel was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2026-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Croatia, Finland, Greece, Slovakia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.