Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,777 kt of LPG; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (36%), Algeria (12%) and Norway (10%), and 21% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States640 kt (36%)Algeria212 kt (12%)Norway173 kt (10%)United Kingdom158 kt (9%)Russia136 kt (8%)Egypt38 kt (2%)Nigeria19 kt (1%)Other origins outside the EU31 kt (2%)Netherlands101 kt (6%)Sweden56 kt (3%)Belgium51 kt (3%)France30 kt (2%)Germany27 kt (2%)Other EU member states103 kt (6%)Origin not reported1.8 kt (<1%)Netherlands329 kt (19%)Poland217 kt (12%)France212 kt (12%)Belgium200 kt (11%)Italy189 kt (11%)Sweden147 kt (8%)Spain109 kt (6%)Germany93 kt (5%)Finland84 kt (5%)Bulgaria45 kt (3%)Latvia33 kt (2%)Hungary20 kt (1%)Romania17 kt (<1%)Portugal15 kt (<1%)Ireland13 kt (<1%)Lithuania12 kt (<1%)Czechia11 kt (<1%)Austria6.0 kt (<1%)Slovenia5.0 kt (<1%)Croatia4.7 kt (<1%)Denmark4.0 kt (<1%)Cyprus3.5 kt (<1%)Slovakia3.3 kt (<1%)Greece2.6 kt (<1%)Estonia1.0 kt (<1%)Malta0.6 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- United States640 kt (36%)
- Algeria212 kt (12%)
- Norway173 kt (10%)
- United Kingdom158 kt (9%)
- Russia136 kt (8%)
- Egypt38 kt (2%)
- Nigeria19 kt (1%)
- Other origins outside the EU31 kt (2%)
- Netherlands101 kt (6%)
- Sweden56 kt (3%)
- Belgium51 kt (3%)
- France30 kt (2%)
- Germany27 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states103 kt (6%)
- Origin not reported1.8 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Netherlands | 215,277 | 65.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 131,300 | 65.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Italy | 120,572 | 63.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Poland | 84,853 | 39.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Sweden | 81,885 | 55.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Finland | 70,000 | 83.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 69,403 | 63.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 66,000 | 31.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden | 65,206 | 44.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 59,556 | 63.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Poland | 52,684 | 24.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 51,000 | 24.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 50,120 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 46,000 | 21.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 42,559 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 34,914 | 31.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Italy | 34,083 | 18.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Latvia | 30,775 | 92.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 29,500 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 22,522 | 24.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 22,032 | 10.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | France | 22,000 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 21,448 | 47.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Italy | 19,951 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 19,500 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 19,000 | 9.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 16,000 | 80.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Belgium | 13,500 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 13,454 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 13,057 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Poland | 12,414 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Bulgaria | 12,143 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 12,111 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Finland | 12,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Poland | 11,035 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 10,154 | 77.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 9,547 | 4.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 7,104 | 15.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 6,600 | 55.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 5,849 | 39.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 5,661 | 38.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 5,003 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 5,000 | 29.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Russia | Lithuania | 4,800 | 40.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Poland | 4,782 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 4,204 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Romania | 4,000 | 23.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 4,000 | 36.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 4,000 | 23.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 4,000 | 80.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Poland | 3,771 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Austria | 3,649 | 60.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Bulgaria | 3,612 | 8.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Czechia | 3,000 | 27.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 3,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 3,000 | 27.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 3,000 | 15.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Romania | 3,000 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 2,975 | 22.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 2,900 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Portugal | 2,686 | 18.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 2,682 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 2,582 | 7.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 2,560 | 54.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 2,551 | 77.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Poland | 2,522 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 2,442 | 2.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 2,386 | 2.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 2,300 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Cyprus | 2,255 | 65.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Germany | 2,239 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Croatia | 2,023 | 43.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 2,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Denmark | 2,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Finland | 2,000 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 2,000 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 1,741 | 28.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 1,617 | 63.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 1,303 | 0.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 1,285 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 1,200 | 34.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 1,165 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Germany | 1,093 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Germany | 1,062 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Slovenia | 1,000 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Czechia | 1,000 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Estonia | 1,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United States | Hungary | 1,000 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Romania | 1,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Greece | 950 | 37.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Poland | 797 | 0.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 656 | 10.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Russia | Slovakia | 562 | 17.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Egypt | Bulgaria | 549 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 500 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Portugal | 478 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Italy | 453 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Malta | 421 | 73.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Lithuania | 400 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Slovakia | 162 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 149 | 26.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Croatia | 90 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 19 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
6 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2023-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the LPG was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Luxembourg. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.