Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,015 kt of LPG; the largest origins outside the EU were the United States (36%), Algeria (13%) and Norway (13%), and 19% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United States733 kt (36%)Algeria269 kt (13%)Norway259 kt (13%)Russia147 kt (7%)United Kingdom134 kt (7%)Libya26 kt (1%)Nigeria21 kt (1%)Other origins outside the EU51 kt (3%)Netherlands94 kt (5%)Sweden64 kt (3%)France61 kt (3%)Belgium46 kt (2%)Germany22 kt (1%)Other EU member states88 kt (4%)Origin not reportedless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Netherlands386 kt (19%)France294 kt (15%)Italy277 kt (14%)Belgium255 kt (13%)Poland207 kt (10%)Sweden120 kt (6%)Germany94 kt (5%)Spain82 kt (4%)Portugal48 kt (2%)Bulgaria41 kt (2%)Finland39 kt (2%)Romania32 kt (2%)Latvia32 kt (2%)Hungary28 kt (1%)Ireland19 kt (<1%)Lithuania13 kt (<1%)Czechia10 kt (<1%)Croatia8.0 kt (<1%)Cyprus8.0 kt (<1%)Slovenia7.0 kt (<1%)Greece4.7 kt (<1%)Austria4.1 kt (<1%)Denmark4.0 kt (<1%)Slovakia2.2 kt (<1%)Estonia1.0 kt (<1%)Malta0.6 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- United States733 kt (36%)
- Algeria269 kt (13%)
- Norway259 kt (13%)
- Russia147 kt (7%)
- United Kingdom134 kt (7%)
- Libya26 kt (1%)
- Nigeria21 kt (1%)
- Other origins outside the EU51 kt (3%)
- Netherlands94 kt (5%)
- Sweden64 kt (3%)
- France61 kt (3%)
- Belgium46 kt (2%)
- Germany22 kt (1%)
- Other EU member states88 kt (4%)
- Origin not reportedless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Netherlands | 296,068 | 76.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Italy | 156,939 | 56.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | France | 147,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 118,000 | 46.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 115,500 | 45.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Poland | 98,432 | 47.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Sweden | 78,133 | 65.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 58,000 | 19.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Poland | 50,475 | 24.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 48,898 | 52.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Italy | 45,037 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Italy | 43,703 | 15.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 41,000 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Spain | 37,803 | 46.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 35,771 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 34,582 | 42.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Latvia | 29,464 | 93.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Italy | 25,553 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Finland | 25,000 | 64.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Portugal | 24,281 | 51.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Sweden | 22,169 | 18.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Nigeria | France | 21,000 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Netherlands | 20,705 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 19,724 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Sweden | 19,488 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 17,000 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 17,000 | 60.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | France | 16,000 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 15,521 | 7.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 14,394 | 34.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 13,456 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 13,326 | 70.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 13,133 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Finland | 13,000 | 33.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Romania | 13,000 | 40.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Poland | 12,779 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 12,325 | 25.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Russia | Bulgaria | 11,077 | 26.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 10,663 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 10,512 | 11.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Romania | 9,000 | 28.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Bulgaria | 8,200 | 19.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 6,938 | 86.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Cyprus | 6,631 | 83.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 6,600 | 52.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 6,481 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 6,056 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 6,000 | 85.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Romania | 6,000 | 18.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 5,851 | 14.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Russia | Lithuania | 5,800 | 46.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 5,601 | 29.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Portugal | 5,600 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Poland | 5,289 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 5,125 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Poland | 5,115 | 2.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Germany | 4,177 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 4,040 | 1.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 4,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Hungary | 4,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 4,000 | 12.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Denmark | 4,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Portugal | 3,355 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 3,281 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 3,143 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Czechia | 3,000 | 30.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 3,000 | 30.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 3,000 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 3,000 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 3,000 | 1.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 3,000 | 10.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 3,000 | 30.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 2,654 | 56.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Poland | 2,546 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 2,540 | 3.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Poland | 2,519 | 1.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Austria | 2,360 | 57.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 2,136 | 6.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Greece | 2,085 | 44.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 2,000 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Portugal | 1,999 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Bulgaria | 1,783 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 1,674 | 2.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 1,470 | 68.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Belgium | 1,400 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 1,372 | 0.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 1,323 | 16.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Poland | 1,180 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 1,046 | 13.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Slovenia | 1,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 1,000 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Hungary | 1,000 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Czechia | 1,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Estonia | 1,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Russia | Finland | 1,000 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Belgium | 1,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Germany | 918 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 867 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Russia | Slovakia | 590 | 27.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 557 | 13.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Malta | 448 | 71.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 422 | 0.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Austria | 351 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Lithuania | 200 | 1.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 180 | 28.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Slovakia | 102 | 4.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Bulgaria | 94 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Portugal | 82 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Croatia | 21 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
4 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2023-12 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the LPG was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Luxembourg. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.