Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,910 kt of petrol, and 89% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
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Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
Total to EU member states (Oct 2023)
104.2 thousand tonnes
5% of reported EU petrol imports
Official
Top destination countries
- Italy60 kt (58%)
- Spain27 kt (26%)
- Other EU (18)17 kt (16%)
Source: Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (27) | Netherlands | 264,773 | 45.1% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Other EU (18) | 242,044 | — | Summed by usSum of 14 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 175,909 | 30.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 129,952 | 42.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 128,206 | 42.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 96,294 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 88,000 | 64.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (18) | 78,264 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Sweden | 71,499 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 71,000 | 59.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Other EU (18) | 71,000 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Greece | Italy | 59,995 | 92.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 54,207 | 55.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 49,721 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Germany | 46,399 | 15.2% | Summed by usSum of 7 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Poland | 44,081 | 44.8% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Belgium | 42,000 | 35.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | Spain | 35,842 | 49.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Other EU (18) | 30,856 | 92.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Spain | 27,039 | 37.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 25,000 | 18.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Other EU (18) | 17,189 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (18) | 15,595 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (27) | France | 15,000 | 11.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 10,151 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 6,200 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 5,000 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (27) | Italy | 4,675 | 7.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | France | 2,000 | 1.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 800 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.