Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In August 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,004 kt of petrol, and 89% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands381 kt (19%)Germany297 kt (15%)Belgium282 kt (14%)Italy112 kt (6%)Sweden111 kt (6%)United Kingdom97 kt (5%)Slovakia89 kt (4%)Finland79 kt (4%)Other origins (23)552 kt (28%)Origin not reported5.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands457 kt (23%)Germany268 kt (13%)Belgium179 kt (9%)France164 kt (8%)Austria121 kt (6%)Other EU (21)815 kt (41%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Germany
- Belgium
- France
- Austria
- Other EU (21)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (23) | Other EU (21) | 312,630 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 193,090 | 42.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 170,548 | 63.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Netherlands | 113,960 | 24.9% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Other EU (21) | 106,918 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | France | 96,000 | 58.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 94,279 | 20.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (21) | 89,681 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Other EU (21) | 84,000 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Austria | 83,953 | 69.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 68,000 | 37.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Other EU (21) | 55,335 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Finland | Other EU (21) | 55,266 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 51,300 | 28.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Belgium | 49,500 | 27.6% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (21) | 46,278 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (21) | 38,219 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 36,600 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Germany | 35,711 | 13.3% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (21) | 26,623 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (23) | France | 24,000 | 14.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 24,000 | 14.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 23,290 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria | 20,894 | 17.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 17,452 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Austria | 15,838 | 13.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 15,127 | 3.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 14,000 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Germany | 12,530 | 4.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 11,250 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 5,500 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Belgium | 5,000 | 2.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 5,000 | 3.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 1,187 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 487 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2023-08 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-08 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-08, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-08 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.