Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,677 kt of petrol, and 91% came from other EU member states.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom71 kt (4%)Other origins outside the EU78 kt (5%)Netherlands364 kt (22%)Germany256 kt (15%)Belgium240 kt (14%)Sweden86 kt (5%)Greece83 kt (5%)Finland69 kt (4%)Slovakia67 kt (4%)Spain59 kt (4%)Denmark58 kt (3%)Austria43 kt (3%)Czechia37 kt (2%)Other EU member states166 kt (10%)Netherlands330 kt (20%)Germany306 kt (18%)France209 kt (12%)Belgium130 kt (8%)Austria82 kt (5%)Poland69 kt (4%)Sweden68 kt (4%)Italy66 kt (4%)Czechia59 kt (4%)Finland45 kt (3%)Hungary41 kt (2%)Spain34 kt (2%)Luxembourg33 kt (2%)Cyprus31 kt (2%)Denmark26 kt (2%)Ireland25 kt (1%)Portugal24 kt (1%)Slovenia19 kt (1%)Bulgaria18 kt (1%)Croatia16 kt (<1%)Latvia13 kt (<1%)Slovakia13 kt (<1%)Estonia8.0 kt (<1%)Romania6.0 kt (<1%)Lithuania4.2 kt (<1%)Greece3.4 kt (<1%)Maltaless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
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Country it was last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 164,334 | 53.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 114,923 | 34.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 96,000 | 45.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 73,800 | 56.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 71,534 | 21.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 62,539 | 76.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 60,669 | 19.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Italy | 60,335 | 92.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 58,109 | 84.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 45,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 37,243 | 11.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 33,541 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Denmark | Sweden | 31,758 | 46.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 31,000 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 30,000 | 50.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 30,000 | 14.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 29,900 | 23.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 29,484 | 90.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 29,000 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Netherlands | 26,306 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 26,191 | 38.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 24,366 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia | 23,000 | 39.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 22,803 | 72.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 22,000 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 20,567 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 20,404 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 20,301 | 6.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Hungary | 20,000 | 48.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 19,611 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Germany | 19,275 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 19,000 | 73.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Germany | 18,941 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 17,379 | 72.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 16,783 | 67.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 16,700 | 12.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 16,417 | 90.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Netherlands | 14,983 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovenia | 14,000 | 73.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 12,527 | 77.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 10,586 | 78.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 10,306 | 15.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Hungary | 10,000 | 24.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 9,146 | 11.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 8,790 | 69.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 8,503 | 27.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Austria | 8,007 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 8,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 8,000 | 19.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 7,000 | 26.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 6,598 | 27.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Poland | 5,873 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 5,500 | 4.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 5,220 | 8.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 5,000 | 26.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Lithuania | 4,200 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 4,021 | 16.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia | 4,000 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 4,000 | 66.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Ireland | 3,930 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 3,800 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovakia | 3,556 | 28.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 3,363 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Hungary | 3,000 | 7.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 2,838 | 21.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 2,413 | 3.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Poland | 2,406 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 2,111 | 6.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 2,000 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Romania | 2,000 | 33.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Croatia | 1,962 | 12.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Austria | 1,891 | 2.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 1,806 | 9.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 1,606 | 10.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Germany | 1,344 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 940 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 818 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 301 | 2.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Malta | 6 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
5 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2023-09 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the petrol was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-09, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-09 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.