Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,677 kt of petrol, and 91% came from other EU member states.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Netherlands364 kt (22%)Germany256 kt (15%)Belgium240 kt (14%)Sweden86 kt (5%)Greece83 kt (5%)United Kingdom71 kt (4%)Finland69 kt (4%)Slovakia67 kt (4%)Other origins (20)441 kt (26%)Netherlands330 kt (20%)Germany306 kt (18%)France209 kt (12%)Belgium130 kt (8%)Austria82 kt (5%)Other EU (22)621 kt (37%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Germany
- France
- Belgium
- Austria
- Other EU (22)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (20) | Other EU (22) | 231,640 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 164,334 | 53.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 114,923 | 34.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 96,000 | 45.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (22) | 89,051 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (20) | Netherlands | 83,160 | 25.2% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Greece | Other EU (22) | 83,144 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 73,800 | 56.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 71,534 | 21.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Other EU (22) | 64,000 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Austria | 62,539 | 76.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 60,669 | 19.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (20) | France | 52,000 | 24.9% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (20) | Germany | 40,588 | 13.2% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Slovakia | Other EU (22) | 39,368 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (22) | 33,437 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Finland | Other EU (22) | 33,229 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | France | 31,000 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (22) | 30,036 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 29,900 | 23.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 29,000 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 24,366 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (20) | Belgium | 22,200 | 17.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 20,567 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 20,404 | 6.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Germany | 19,275 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (22) | 16,783 | 67.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 14,983 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (20) | Austria | 11,037 | 13.5% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Slovakia | Austria | 8,007 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 3,800 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 818 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2023-09 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the petrol was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-09, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-09 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.