Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2023, all 27 EU member states reported importing 1,873 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (5%), and 86% came from other EU member states.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (23) | Netherlands | 272,078 | 44.2% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (23) | Other EU (19) | 250,514 | — | Summed by usSum of 16 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 199,189 | 32.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 132,337 | 51.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 98,501 | 89.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 87,860 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 73,000 | 52.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (19) | 70,717 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Greece | Italy | 63,963 | 89.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Other EU (19) | 61,887 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (23) | Belgium | 61,100 | 63.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (23) | Finland | 57,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Germany | 56,628 | 22.0% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 55,965 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Sweden | 52,936 | 94.3% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 46,715 | 18.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (19) | 43,365 | — | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (23) | France | 43,000 | 31.2% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 33,500 | 34.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (19) | 23,463 | 78.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (19) | 22,064 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 21,706 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 20,000 | 14.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (23) | Poland | 11,116 | 10.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins (23) | Italy | 7,194 | 10.1% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 3,179 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 2,100 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 2,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Source Period 2023-12 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2023-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2023-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2023-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.