Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,067 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (8%), and 86% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom156 kt (8%)Other origins outside the EU122 kt (6%)Germany361 kt (17%)Netherlands349 kt (17%)Belgium333 kt (16%)Sweden140 kt (7%)Italy99 kt (5%)Denmark66 kt (3%)Slovakia56 kt (3%)Finland54 kt (3%)Austria53 kt (3%)Spain49 kt (2%)Czechia48 kt (2%)Other EU member states175 kt (8%)Origin not reported6.2 kt (<1%)Netherlands801 kt (39%)Belgium213 kt (10%)Germany172 kt (8%)France164 kt (8%)Poland91 kt (4%)Spain73 kt (4%)Austria56 kt (3%)Sweden51 kt (2%)Czechia50 kt (2%)Finland48 kt (2%)Croatia45 kt (2%)Italy45 kt (2%)Hungary39 kt (2%)Ireland37 kt (2%)Luxembourg30 kt (1%)Denmark26 kt (1%)Cyprus24 kt (1%)Portugal20 kt (<1%)Slovenia17 kt (<1%)Bulgaria17 kt (<1%)Latvia14 kt (<1%)Slovakia13 kt (<1%)Estonia12 kt (<1%)Romania6.0 kt (<1%)Lithuania3.1 kt (<1%)Maltaless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom156 kt (8%)
- Other origins outside the EU122 kt (6%)
- Germany361 kt (17%)
- Netherlands349 kt (17%)
- Belgium333 kt (16%)
- Sweden140 kt (7%)
- Italy99 kt (5%)
- Denmark66 kt (3%)
- Slovakia56 kt (3%)
- Finland54 kt (3%)
- Austria53 kt (3%)
- Spain49 kt (2%)
- Czechia48 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states175 kt (8%)
- Origin not reported6.2 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 261,137 | 32.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 179,051 | 22.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 141,700 | 66.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 96,787 | 12.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 91,000 | 55.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 82,767 | 48.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 73,809 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 73,540 | 80.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 61,099 | 83.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 48,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 43,060 | 77.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Netherlands | 40,068 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 38,101 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 31,564 | 18.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 31,051 | 3.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 30,000 | 18.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 29,603 | 65.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Netherlands | 28,232 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 28,000 | 56.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 27,962 | 3.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Denmark | Sweden | 26,134 | 50.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 25,443 | 68.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Germany | 25,319 | 14.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 24,969 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 24,177 | 53.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 24,100 | 11.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Hungary | 22,000 | 56.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 21,415 | 70.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 21,091 | 41.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 19,000 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 19,000 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Germany | 16,574 | 9.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 16,158 | 97.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 16,057 | 68.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 15,800 | 7.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 14,185 | 31.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Czechia | 14,000 | 28.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 12,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Denmark | 12,000 | 46.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 11,753 | 31.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Poland | 11,734 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 11,300 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 11,252 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 11,000 | 64.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Hungary | 11,000 | 28.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 10,600 | 5.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Italy | 10,539 | 23.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 10,361 | 53.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 9,297 | 70.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 9,173 | 67.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 9,162 | 16.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 9,069 | 46.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia | 8,000 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 7,534 | 31.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Germany | 7,477 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 7,222 | 23.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Croatia | 7,069 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 7,000 | 26.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 7,000 | 26.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Slovenia | 5,000 | 29.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 5,000 | 12.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 4,752 | 10.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Belgium | 4,700 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 4,580 | 5.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Belgium | 4,500 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 4,448 | 2.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Latvia | 4,435 | 32.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Sweden | 4,182 | 8.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Austria | Slovakia | 3,671 | 27.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria | 3,203 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Lithuania | 3,100 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 3,000 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Romania | 3,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 2,300 | 1.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | France | 2,000 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 2,000 | 1.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 1,704 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Poland | 1,047 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovenia | 1,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Hungary | 1,000 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 777 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 731 | 1.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Austria | 472 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 472 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Germany | 351 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 327 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 263 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 121 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 7 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-02 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-02 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.