Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,148 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (9%), and 81% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- France
- Belgium
- Germany
- Poland
- Other EU (21)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (21) | Other EU (21) | 241,534 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 234,933 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 166,211 | 19.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (21) | Netherlands | 133,450 | 15.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 126,618 | 14.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 124,000 | 56.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 93,160 | 56.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 87,000 | 46.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Other EU (21) | 81,000 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Poland | 80,763 | 94.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (21) | 79,553 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 62,370 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Other EU (21) | 53,229 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | France | 51,000 | 23.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 51,000 | 27.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 50,017 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 47,713 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 44,799 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (21) | 42,582 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 40,718 | 24.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (21) | 36,078 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Other EU (21) | 34,195 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Finland | Other EU (21) | 33,573 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (21) | Germany | 29,840 | 18.0% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (21) | Belgium | 28,800 | 15.5% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (21) | 22,180 | 57.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (21) | France | 19,000 | 8.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 13,800 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 12,000 | 5.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 11,000 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Belgium | 5,500 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (21) | Poland | 4,448 | 5.2% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Origin not reported | France | 3,000 | 1.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 955 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 934 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 354 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the petrol was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-03, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-03 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.