Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,321 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (5%), and 90% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom122 kt (5%)Other origins outside the EU104 kt (4%)Netherlands571 kt (25%)Belgium426 kt (18%)Germany303 kt (13%)Sweden124 kt (5%)Lithuania105 kt (5%)Spain78 kt (3%)Greece67 kt (3%)Austria60 kt (3%)Finland53 kt (2%)Italy52 kt (2%)Denmark47 kt (2%)Other EU member states205 kt (9%)Origin not reported5.2 kt (<1%)Netherlands589 kt (25%)France437 kt (19%)Germany295 kt (13%)Belgium127 kt (5%)Poland113 kt (5%)Finland93 kt (4%)Italy79 kt (3%)Austria67 kt (3%)Czechia64 kt (3%)Sweden52 kt (2%)Croatia45 kt (2%)Slovenia44 kt (2%)Luxembourg40 kt (2%)Ireland38 kt (2%)Spain34 kt (1%)Cyprus30 kt (1%)Denmark30 kt (1%)Hungary30 kt (1%)Portugal23 kt (<1%)Estonia18 kt (<1%)Bulgaria17 kt (<1%)Slovakia17 kt (<1%)Malta15 kt (<1%)Latvia13 kt (<1%)Romania7.0 kt (<1%)Lithuania5.0 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom122 kt (5%)
- Other origins outside the EU104 kt (4%)
- Netherlands571 kt (25%)
- Belgium426 kt (18%)
- Germany303 kt (13%)
- Sweden124 kt (5%)
- Lithuania105 kt (5%)
- Spain78 kt (3%)
- Greece67 kt (3%)
- Austria60 kt (3%)
- Finland53 kt (2%)
- Italy52 kt (2%)
- Denmark47 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states205 kt (9%)
- Origin not reported5.2 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | France | 251,000 | 57.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 206,872 | 35.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 194,644 | 65.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 131,000 | 30.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 90,975 | 15.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 85,540 | 75.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 79,809 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 74,200 | 58.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 56,000 | 60.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 53,944 | 80.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 52,302 | 17.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 50,782 | 8.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 48,278 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 43,274 | 7.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 38,000 | 59.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Finland | 37,000 | 39.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Croatia | 34,666 | 77.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 32,785 | 97.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 31,919 | 10.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 30,924 | 81.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 30,015 | 38.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Italy | 29,910 | 37.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 28,000 | 6.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Denmark | Sweden | 27,381 | 52.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 26,605 | 67.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 25,257 | 4.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Netherlands | 23,302 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Poland | 22,038 | 19.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 21,000 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Belgium | 20,800 | 16.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 20,325 | 39.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Netherlands | 20,043 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 18,802 | 62.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Slovenia | 18,000 | 40.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 18,000 | 60.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 16,961 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Portugal | 16,643 | 73.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 15,329 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Hungary | 15,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Estonia | 15,000 | 83.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 15,000 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Germany | 14,550 | 4.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Italy | 14,025 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 14,000 | 21.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 13,366 | 19.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 13,300 | 10.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 13,054 | 32.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovenia | 13,000 | 29.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 12,279 | 73.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 11,515 | 38.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 11,000 | 25.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Lithuania | Latvia | 10,500 | 81.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 10,200 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia | 10,000 | 15.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Denmark | 9,000 | 30.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 8,300 | 6.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 7,122 | 18.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 7,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 6,822 | 15.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 6,002 | 26.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 5,805 | 5.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Lithuania | 5,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 4,861 | 6.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Slovakia | 4,547 | 27.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Sweden | 4,193 | 8.1% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Spain | France | 4,000 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Croatia | 3,017 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Estonia | 3,000 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 3,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 2,000 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Czechia | 2,000 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 1,491 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 911 | 7.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 779 | 2.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 726 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 652 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 300 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 119 | 0.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.