Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,083 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (10%), and 83% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom217 kt (10%)Other origins outside the EU143 kt (7%)Germany330 kt (16%)Netherlands318 kt (15%)Belgium247 kt (12%)Finland126 kt (6%)Sweden113 kt (5%)Spain105 kt (5%)Italy86 kt (4%)Slovakia68 kt (3%)Czechia62 kt (3%)Austria55 kt (3%)Lithuania40 kt (2%)Other EU member states169 kt (8%)Origin not reported2.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands657 kt (32%)Germany231 kt (11%)France148 kt (7%)Belgium136 kt (7%)Poland114 kt (5%)Latvia107 kt (5%)Italy75 kt (4%)Sweden63 kt (3%)Czechia60 kt (3%)Finland57 kt (3%)Austria55 kt (3%)Slovenia52 kt (2%)Hungary51 kt (2%)Ireland40 kt (2%)Denmark36 kt (2%)Luxembourg36 kt (2%)Estonia30 kt (1%)Cyprus23 kt (1%)Spain23 kt (1%)Portugal22 kt (1%)Croatia18 kt (<1%)Slovakia17 kt (<1%)Bulgaria16 kt (<1%)Romania10 kt (<1%)Greece5.3 kt (<1%)Lithuania1.6 kt (<1%)Maltaless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
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Country it was last shipped from
- United Kingdom217 kt (10%)
- Other origins outside the EU143 kt (7%)
- Germany330 kt (16%)
- Netherlands318 kt (15%)
- Belgium247 kt (12%)
- Finland126 kt (6%)
- Sweden113 kt (5%)
- Spain105 kt (5%)
- Italy86 kt (4%)
- Slovakia68 kt (3%)
- Czechia62 kt (3%)
- Austria55 kt (3%)
- Lithuania40 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states169 kt (8%)
- Origin not reported2.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 155,053 | 23.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 141,574 | 21.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 132,986 | 57.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 125,603 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 96,730 | 90.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 80,900 | 59.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 77,000 | 52.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 75,080 | 66.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 62,584 | 9.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Netherlands | 59,652 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 52,000 | 91.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 47,602 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 44,039 | 80.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 40,000 | 76.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 40,000 | 27.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Netherlands | 39,499 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 32,780 | 43.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 32,584 | 90.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 32,000 | 53.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 29,819 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Italy | 29,810 | 39.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 28,739 | 71.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Germany | 27,640 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 26,200 | 19.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 25,813 | 3.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Poland | 25,163 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 25,000 | 16.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Estonia | 24,000 | 80.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 23,542 | 37.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 23,000 | 17.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Sweden | 22,459 | 35.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Germany | 21,790 | 9.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Hungary | 21,000 | 41.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia | 18,000 | 30.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 17,688 | 96.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 14,000 | 27.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Portugal | 13,614 | 62.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 13,397 | 58.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Hungary | 13,000 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Germany | 12,760 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 12,000 | 23.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Denmark | 12,000 | 33.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 11,943 | 68.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 11,700 | 72.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 11,000 | 30.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Ireland | 10,332 | 25.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia | 10,000 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 10,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 9,610 | 41.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Lithuania | Latvia | 9,450 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Sweden | 9,060 | 14.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Spain | 8,795 | 38.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 8,241 | 37.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 7,525 | 12.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 7,000 | 19.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 6,932 | 30.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Poland | 6,799 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 6,779 | 29.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Italy | 6,391 | 8.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Denmark | 6,000 | 16.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 5,400 | 4.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Estonia | 5,300 | 17.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 5,256 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Slovakia | 5,244 | 30.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria | 5,175 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 5,058 | 9.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Finland | 5,000 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 4,391 | 27.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Poland | 4,335 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 3,732 | 1.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 3,502 | 4.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 3,343 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Hungary | 3,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 2,263 | 3.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 2,228 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 2,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 2,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 2,000 | 1.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Finland | Lithuania | 1,600 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 1,168 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 985 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Estonia | 700 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 659 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 629 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 567 | 3.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 453 | 2.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 411 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Austria | 394 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 248 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 185 | 1.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 86 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 5 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
2 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-12 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the petrol was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.