Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In January 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,131 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (9%), and 87% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom183 kt (9%)Other origins outside the EU91 kt (4%)Netherlands351 kt (16%)Germany341 kt (16%)Belgium190 kt (9%)Finland187 kt (9%)Italy158 kt (7%)Sweden98 kt (5%)Slovakia77 kt (4%)Spain70 kt (3%)Czechia61 kt (3%)Austria58 kt (3%)Croatia46 kt (2%)Other EU member states219 kt (10%)Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands658 kt (31%)Germany233 kt (11%)France143 kt (7%)Poland128 kt (6%)Spain120 kt (6%)Latvia117 kt (5%)Belgium88 kt (4%)Czechia76 kt (4%)Ireland62 kt (3%)Sweden61 kt (3%)Slovenia55 kt (3%)Austria54 kt (3%)Finland46 kt (2%)Cyprus37 kt (2%)Denmark35 kt (2%)Hungary34 kt (2%)Luxembourg31 kt (1%)Italy31 kt (1%)Portugal25 kt (1%)Croatia22 kt (1%)Estonia19 kt (<1%)Malta15 kt (<1%)Slovakia15 kt (<1%)Bulgaria13 kt (<1%)Romania9.0 kt (<1%)Lithuania4.4 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom183 kt (9%)
- Other origins outside the EU91 kt (4%)
- Netherlands351 kt (16%)
- Germany341 kt (16%)
- Belgium190 kt (9%)
- Finland187 kt (9%)
- Italy158 kt (7%)
- Sweden98 kt (5%)
- Slovakia77 kt (4%)
- Spain70 kt (3%)
- Czechia61 kt (3%)
- Austria58 kt (3%)
- Croatia46 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states219 kt (10%)
- Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germany | Netherlands | 156,831 | 23.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 156,027 | 23.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 138,297 | 21.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 122,975 | 52.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 109,254 | 93.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 108,918 | 90.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 94,000 | 65.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 76,869 | 60.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 59,600 | 67.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 54,023 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 46,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 45,604 | 85.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 45,316 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Slovenia | 43,000 | 78.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Germany | 41,122 | 17.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 41,000 | 53.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 40,121 | 64.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 39,062 | 64.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 38,890 | 5.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 38,573 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 30,005 | 4.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 29,797 | 94.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 28,453 | 77.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Poland | 26,161 | 20.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 26,000 | 18.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Germany | 24,356 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia | 24,000 | 31.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 22,600 | 25.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 22,165 | 35.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Hungary | 22,000 | 64.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 21,400 | 97.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Croatia | Italy | 20,013 | 64.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 19,009 | 14.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 18,000 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 17,209 | 28.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Germany | 16,611 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Germany | 16,046 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 15,400 | 81.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Croatia | Malta | 15,347 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 13,979 | 55.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 12,000 | 34.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 11,333 | 44.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Croatia | Slovenia | 11,000 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 11,000 | 31.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 10,898 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia | 10,000 | 13.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 9,309 | 4.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 9,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 8,387 | 66.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 8,067 | 54.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 7,748 | 6.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 7,000 | 20.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 7,000 | 20.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Slovakia | 6,624 | 44.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Cyprus | 5,900 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Poland | 5,520 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 5,470 | 17.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 5,100 | 5.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 5,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Sweden | 4,678 | 7.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Lithuania | 4,400 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 4,318 | 34.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 4,221 | 7.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Estonia | 3,600 | 18.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Italy | 3,278 | 10.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Hungary | 3,000 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria | 2,951 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 2,259 | 7.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 2,227 | 6.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Hungary | 2,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 2,000 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 1,630 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 1,000 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Czechia | 1,000 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 1,000 | 1.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 999 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Austria | 738 | 1.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 707 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 600 | 2.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 523 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Germany | 427 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 208 | 1.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 102 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
4 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-01 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-01 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-01, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-01 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.