Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 1,898 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (5%), and 90% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom99 kt (5%)Other origins outside the EU94 kt (5%)Belgium295 kt (16%)Germany292 kt (15%)Netherlands235 kt (12%)Sweden153 kt (8%)Italy135 kt (7%)Finland114 kt (6%)Greece67 kt (4%)Slovakia64 kt (3%)Czechia56 kt (3%)Portugal53 kt (3%)France50 kt (3%)Other EU member states191 kt (10%)Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands572 kt (30%)Germany262 kt (14%)France118 kt (6%)Spain113 kt (6%)Poland94 kt (5%)Latvia79 kt (4%)Finland72 kt (4%)Belgium68 kt (4%)Czechia63 kt (3%)Italy59 kt (3%)Austria55 kt (3%)Ireland50 kt (3%)Slovenia49 kt (3%)Sweden49 kt (3%)Denmark33 kt (2%)Portugal29 kt (2%)Luxembourg27 kt (1%)Estonia26 kt (1%)Cyprus25 kt (1%)Bulgaria19 kt (1%)Slovakia13 kt (<1%)Croatia10 kt (<1%)Romania9.0 kt (<1%)Lithuania2.7 kt (<1%)Maltaless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom99 kt (5%)
- Other origins outside the EU94 kt (5%)
- Belgium295 kt (16%)
- Germany292 kt (15%)
- Netherlands235 kt (12%)
- Sweden153 kt (8%)
- Italy135 kt (7%)
- Finland114 kt (6%)
- Greece67 kt (4%)
- Slovakia64 kt (3%)
- Czechia56 kt (3%)
- Portugal53 kt (3%)
- France50 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states191 kt (10%)
- Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 166,810 | 29.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 105,777 | 18.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 100,702 | 38.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 72,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 71,409 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 70,526 | 89.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 65,807 | 69.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 65,778 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 62,563 | 23.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 59,138 | 10.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Italy | 49,749 | 83.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 46,873 | 85.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Germany | 46,105 | 17.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 44,771 | 39.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 44,000 | 37.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 42,000 | 66.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Portugal | Spain | 32,898 | 29.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 31,000 | 63.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 31,000 | 26.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 28,900 | 42.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 28,524 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 27,994 | 56.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 25,592 | 52.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 25,000 | 21.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 24,622 | 4.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 24,500 | 94.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Germany | 23,919 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 23,414 | 86.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Poland | 23,298 | 24.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 21,532 | 43.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 20,900 | 30.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 20,674 | 70.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Portugal | Netherlands | 20,343 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 18,856 | 7.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 18,000 | 36.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 17,271 | 15.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 16,919 | 66.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 16,544 | 2.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 16,000 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 13,534 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 13,000 | 39.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Denmark | 13,000 | 39.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 12,774 | 26.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Czechia | 12,000 | 19.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 11,251 | 57.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 9,600 | 92.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 9,277 | 8.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Sweden | 9,060 | 18.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 9,000 | 14.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 9,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Portugal | 8,706 | 29.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 8,551 | 33.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 8,200 | 12.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Spain | 8,055 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 7,971 | 10.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 7,875 | 58.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 7,000 | 21.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 6,479 | 2.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 5,700 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 5,563 | 41.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 5,249 | 8.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Bulgaria | 4,557 | 23.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 4,449 | 7.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 3,900 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 3,757 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 3,638 | 18.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Austria | 3,437 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Poland | 2,928 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 2,782 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Lithuania | 2,700 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 1,820 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Estonia | 1,500 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 1,429 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 1,421 | 1.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 948 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 800 | 7.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Germany | 787 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Austria | 713 | 1.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Poland | 647 | 0.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Latvia | 508 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 334 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 276 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Portugal | 99 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Malta | 5 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
5 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-02 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-02, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-02 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece, Hungary. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.