Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,357 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (6%), and 80% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom146 kt (6%)Algeria68 kt (3%)Türkiye65 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU187 kt (8%)Netherlands371 kt (16%)Germany301 kt (13%)Belgium268 kt (11%)Sweden171 kt (7%)Spain144 kt (6%)Finland96 kt (4%)Italy79 kt (3%)Austria65 kt (3%)Czechia63 kt (3%)Other EU member states324 kt (14%)Origin not reported8.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands650 kt (28%)Germany371 kt (16%)Spain237 kt (10%)France202 kt (9%)Belgium134 kt (6%)Poland131 kt (6%)Sweden71 kt (3%)Czechia69 kt (3%)Finland63 kt (3%)Austria55 kt (2%)Hungary51 kt (2%)Slovenia51 kt (2%)Denmark49 kt (2%)Portugal40 kt (2%)Luxembourg37 kt (2%)Ireland27 kt (1%)Estonia22 kt (<1%)Cyprus21 kt (<1%)Slovakia17 kt (<1%)Croatia15 kt (<1%)Latvia15 kt (<1%)Romania12 kt (<1%)Bulgaria7.7 kt (<1%)Lithuania3.9 kt (<1%)Italy3.5 kt (<1%)Maltaless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom146 kt (6%)
- Algeria68 kt (3%)
- Türkiye65 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU187 kt (8%)
- Netherlands371 kt (16%)
- Germany301 kt (13%)
- Belgium268 kt (11%)
- Sweden171 kt (7%)
- Spain144 kt (6%)
- Finland96 kt (4%)
- Italy79 kt (3%)
- Austria65 kt (3%)
- Czechia63 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states324 kt (14%)
- Origin not reported8.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 235,366 | 63.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 110,906 | 17.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 98,522 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 97,365 | 41.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 94,329 | 14.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 88,976 | 68.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 87,000 | 43.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 74,351 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 68,317 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 66,300 | 49.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 63,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 59,474 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 57,708 | 24.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 53,176 | 8.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Germany | 51,681 | 13.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 50,731 | 7.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 49,362 | 89.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 44,000 | 63.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 43,421 | 18.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 41,500 | 30.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 40,173 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 36,000 | 17.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 35,134 | 87.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 34,971 | 49.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 34,000 | 66.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 31,198 | 84.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Germany | 30,336 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 29,043 | 7.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Hungary | 27,700 | 54.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 27,000 | 13.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 25,769 | 94.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 25,500 | 19.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Spain | 24,676 | 10.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 24,000 | 11.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 23,111 | 32.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 22,762 | 17.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 20,300 | 39.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 20,000 | 90.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 19,503 | 93.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Denmark | 19,000 | 38.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Poland | 18,769 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Germany | 18,521 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 17,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 17,000 | 33.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 14,300 | 94.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Spain | 14,180 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 14,000 | 20.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 13,000 | 26.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Sweden | 12,649 | 17.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Czechia | 11,000 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 10,876 | 72.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 10,686 | 62.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 10,000 | 20.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 10,000 | 83.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 8,000 | 4.0% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 7,000 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovakia | 6,153 | 36.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 5,941 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 5,926 | 10.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 5,171 | 67.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 5,076 | 12.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 4,132 | 27.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Lithuania | 3,900 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 3,479 | 99.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 3,274 | 0.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Hungary | 3,000 | 5.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 2,540 | 32.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 2,245 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Austria | Romania | 2,000 | 16.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Estonia | 2,000 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 2,000 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 1,502 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 1,313 | 6.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Croatia | 900 | 5.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Germany | 679 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 255 | 1.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Portugal | 135 | 0.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Austria | 109 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Italy | 22 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 5 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.