Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,528 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (10%), and 79% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom242 kt (10%)Other origins outside the EU265 kt (10%)Netherlands428 kt (17%)Germany378 kt (15%)Belgium226 kt (9%)Italy187 kt (7%)Finland121 kt (5%)France92 kt (4%)Spain75 kt (3%)Slovakia71 kt (3%)Czechia61 kt (2%)Sweden59 kt (2%)Denmark58 kt (2%)Other EU member states236 kt (9%)Origin not reported28 kt (1%)Netherlands774 kt (31%)Spain291 kt (12%)Germany288 kt (11%)France171 kt (7%)Belgium134 kt (5%)Poland131 kt (5%)Sweden87 kt (3%)Hungary80 kt (3%)Portugal78 kt (3%)Czechia69 kt (3%)Slovenia61 kt (2%)Austria52 kt (2%)Denmark47 kt (2%)Finland45 kt (2%)Luxembourg36 kt (1%)Italy30 kt (1%)Ireland30 kt (1%)Cyprus27 kt (1%)Bulgaria20 kt (<1%)Slovakia20 kt (<1%)Estonia19 kt (<1%)Croatia18 kt (<1%)Latvia16 kt (<1%)Lithuania4.7 kt (<1%)Romania1.0 kt (<1%)Maltaless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom242 kt (10%)
- Other origins outside the EU265 kt (10%)
- Netherlands428 kt (17%)
- Germany378 kt (15%)
- Belgium226 kt (9%)
- Italy187 kt (7%)
- Finland121 kt (5%)
- France92 kt (4%)
- Spain75 kt (3%)
- Slovakia71 kt (3%)
- Czechia61 kt (2%)
- Sweden59 kt (2%)
- Denmark58 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states236 kt (9%)
- Origin not reported28 kt (1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 200,218 | 25.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 166,716 | 57.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 141,258 | 48.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 134,876 | 17.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 125,588 | 16.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 104,000 | 60.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 102,511 | 35.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 88,547 | 67.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 81,600 | 61.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 76,164 | 9.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 64,907 | 8.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Netherlands | 64,639 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 56,566 | 19.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Hungary | 52,100 | 65.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 49,662 | 94.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 48,000 | 69.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Slovenia | 45,000 | 73.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 45,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 41,086 | 47.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 40,450 | 51.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 39,890 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 39,200 | 29.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 37,311 | 47.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 34,709 | 4.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Denmark | Netherlands | 32,923 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 31,567 | 10.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 29,919 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 28,800 | 80.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 28,509 | 9.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 28,351 | 95.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 28,000 | 16.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 25,000 | 31.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Denmark | Sweden | 24,577 | 28.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Poland | 24,504 | 18.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 21,072 | 24.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Germany | 20,427 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 20,000 | 11.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 17,840 | 87.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 16,000 | 26.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 15,000 | 8.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 14,882 | 55.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 14,292 | 5.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 14,239 | 10.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 14,000 | 20.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 13,000 | 27.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 13,000 | 68.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 12,714 | 65.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 12,000 | 25.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Cyprus | 11,267 | 41.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 11,251 | 70.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 9,400 | 51.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 9,000 | 19.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Croatia | 8,700 | 48.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 8,400 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 8,000 | 17.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 7,715 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 7,703 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 7,182 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Czechia | 7,000 | 10.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 6,837 | 35.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Estonia | 6,000 | 31.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 4,780 | 29.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 4,600 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Lithuania | 3,700 | 78.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Denmark | 3,000 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 3,000 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Hungary | 2,500 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Bulgaria | 2,451 | 12.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Slovakia | Poland | 2,404 | 1.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Denmark | 2,000 | 4.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 1,873 | 3.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 1,273 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 1,000 | 21.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 1,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | France | 1,000 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 815 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Poland | 811 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 724 | 2.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Germany | 606 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Austria | 541 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria | 350 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Portugal | 148 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 6 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
4 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-10 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the petrol was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.