Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,101 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (7%), and 85% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom137 kt (7%)Other origins outside the EU177 kt (8%)Netherlands499 kt (24%)Germany267 kt (13%)Belgium155 kt (7%)Spain136 kt (6%)Finland105 kt (5%)Italy76 kt (4%)Sweden72 kt (3%)Austria64 kt (3%)France63 kt (3%)Hungary56 kt (3%)Greece55 kt (3%)Other EU member states231 kt (11%)Origin not reported7.9 kt (<1%)Netherlands518 kt (25%)Spain251 kt (12%)Germany225 kt (11%)France187 kt (9%)Belgium102 kt (5%)Poland102 kt (5%)Sweden76 kt (4%)Italy64 kt (3%)Czechia63 kt (3%)Hungary61 kt (3%)Portugal59 kt (3%)Slovenia54 kt (3%)Finland53 kt (3%)Austria50 kt (2%)Luxembourg33 kt (2%)Cyprus30 kt (1%)Ireland30 kt (1%)Denmark23 kt (1%)Bulgaria23 kt (1%)Estonia18 kt (<1%)Slovakia18 kt (<1%)Romania16 kt (<1%)Malta15 kt (<1%)Croatia15 kt (<1%)Latvia12 kt (<1%)Lithuania4.7 kt (<1%)
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Country it was last shipped from
- United Kingdom137 kt (7%)
- Other origins outside the EU177 kt (8%)
- Netherlands499 kt (24%)
- Germany267 kt (13%)
- Belgium155 kt (7%)
- Spain136 kt (6%)
- Finland105 kt (5%)
- Italy76 kt (4%)
- Sweden72 kt (3%)
- Austria64 kt (3%)
- France63 kt (3%)
- Hungary56 kt (3%)
- Greece55 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states231 kt (11%)
- Origin not reported7.9 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 150,683 | 66.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 122,000 | 65.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 111,454 | 44.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 101,013 | 19.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 96,500 | 94.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 82,356 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 76,016 | 74.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 75,491 | 14.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 71,330 | 13.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 61,774 | 11.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 59,697 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 53,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 48,025 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 47,323 | 18.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Austria | 46,681 | 93.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 45,000 | 71.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 42,040 | 71.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Hungary | Slovenia | 39,000 | 72.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 35,721 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 35,100 | 57.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 35,078 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 33,357 | 44.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 32,445 | 6.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Greece | Italy | 30,533 | 47.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 29,915 | 46.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 29,269 | 98.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 28,834 | 38.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Hungary | 26,100 | 42.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 23,330 | 23.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 23,157 | 70.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 23,083 | 10.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | France | 23,000 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Cyprus | 22,426 | 75.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 21,643 | 4.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 21,000 | 11.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 20,307 | 89.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Denmark | 18,000 | 78.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 16,687 | 28.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 15,346 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 15,000 | 27.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 14,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 13,500 | 75.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Czechia | 13,000 | 20.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 12,207 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Germany | 11,689 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 11,023 | 61.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Sweden | 9,042 | 12.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 9,017 | 73.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Hungary | Romania | 9,000 | 56.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 8,720 | 26.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 7,700 | 52.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 7,591 | 3.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Hungary | Croatia | 7,000 | 47.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovakia | 6,567 | 36.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Cyprus | 6,074 | 20.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | France | 6,000 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 6,000 | 37.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 5,000 | 4.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 5,000 | 21.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Estonia | 4,500 | 25.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 4,355 | 5.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 4,000 | 6.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Lithuania | 3,700 | 78.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 3,436 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Italy | 3,289 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 3,239 | 26.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Poland | 2,277 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Greece | Bulgaria | 1,559 | 6.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 1,364 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 1,336 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 1,260 | 4.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Luxembourg | 1,207 | 3.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 1,004 | 0.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Romania | 1,000 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Czechia | 1,000 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 1,000 | 21.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Hungary | Germany | 993 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Bulgaria | 853 | 3.8% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 486 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 454 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 400 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Hungary | Slovakia | 210 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Portugal | 172 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
3 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-11 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the petrol was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.