Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In November 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,101 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (7%), and 85% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Spain
- Germany
- France
- Belgium
- Other EU (21)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (28) | Other EU (21) | 346,647 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Other EU (21) | 185,472 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 150,683 | 66.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 122,000 | 65.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | Spain | 120,409 | 48.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (28) | Netherlands | 115,862 | 22.4% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 101,013 | 19.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 96,500 | 94.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (21) | 82,433 | — | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 82,356 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 75,491 | 14.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 71,330 | 13.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Other EU (21) | 71,000 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Finland | Netherlands | 59,697 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 48,025 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 47,323 | 18.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Other EU (21) | 44,796 | — | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | Other EU (21) | 42,040 | 71.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | Germany | 36,769 | 16.3% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 35,721 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 35,078 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (21) | 23,157 | 70.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | France | 23,000 | 12.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | France | 21,000 | 11.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Other EU (21) | 15,346 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 14,000 | 7.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 12,207 | 2.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Other EU (21) | 6,927 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | France | 6,000 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (28) | Belgium | 5,000 | 4.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Germany | 1,336 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (21) | 486 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Germany | 454 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 400 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-11 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the petrol was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-11, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-11 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.