Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,401 kt of petrol; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (10%), and 81% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
United Kingdom231 kt (10%)Türkiye94 kt (4%)Other origins outside the EU125 kt (5%)Netherlands475 kt (20%)Germany310 kt (13%)Belgium193 kt (8%)Finland151 kt (6%)France132 kt (5%)Italy109 kt (5%)Spain96 kt (4%)Sweden96 kt (4%)Austria58 kt (2%)Czechia57 kt (2%)Other EU member states260 kt (11%)Origin not reported13 kt (<1%)Netherlands828 kt (34%)Spain256 kt (11%)Germany246 kt (10%)France170 kt (7%)Poland113 kt (5%)Belgium108 kt (4%)Ireland96 kt (4%)Hungary71 kt (3%)Czechia65 kt (3%)Sweden53 kt (2%)Austria52 kt (2%)Slovenia49 kt (2%)Denmark41 kt (2%)Portugal40 kt (2%)Finland39 kt (2%)Luxembourg32 kt (1%)Cyprus25 kt (1%)Estonia21 kt (<1%)Slovakia20 kt (<1%)Bulgaria17 kt (<1%)Croatia17 kt (<1%)Romania16 kt (<1%)Latvia13 kt (<1%)Italy8.1 kt (<1%)Lithuania5.4 kt (<1%)Maltaless than 0.1 kt (<1%)
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Country it was last shipped from
- United Kingdom231 kt (10%)
- Türkiye94 kt (4%)
- Other origins outside the EU125 kt (5%)
- Netherlands475 kt (20%)
- Germany310 kt (13%)
- Belgium193 kt (8%)
- Finland151 kt (6%)
- France132 kt (5%)
- Italy109 kt (5%)
- Spain96 kt (4%)
- Sweden96 kt (4%)
- Austria58 kt (2%)
- Czechia57 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states260 kt (11%)
- Origin not reported13 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 189,067 | 22.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 176,523 | 71.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 132,771 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 113,443 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 110,000 | 64.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 106,999 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Poland | 86,489 | 76.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 77,400 | 71.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Ireland | 68,774 | 71.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 67,894 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 67,563 | 26.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 58,734 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 53,271 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 51,871 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovenia | 49,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 48,563 | 19.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Austria | 46,093 | 88.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 45,400 | 64.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Czechia | 44,000 | 67.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 41,868 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Finland | 39,000 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 36,000 | 21.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Spain | 34,933 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 33,744 | 4.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 30,244 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Portugal | 28,543 | 71.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 27,752 | 10.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Luxembourg | 27,471 | 86.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Ireland | 26,851 | 28.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Sweden | 26,825 | 50.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Denmark | 26,000 | 63.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Germany | 25,140 | 10.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Hungary | 22,400 | 31.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 21,000 | 12.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 20,080 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 18,100 | 16.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 17,523 | 6.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Bulgaria | 17,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 16,807 | 31.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Croatia | 16,700 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Czechia | Poland | 16,317 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 16,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Germany | 15,352 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Slovakia | 12,804 | 64.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Cyprus | 12,111 | 48.9% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 11,600 | 10.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Cyprus | 11,364 | 45.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | Portugal | 11,149 | 28.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Poland | 10,566 | 9.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Austria | Czechia | 10,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 10,000 | 15.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 9,788 | 18.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Estonia | 9,500 | 45.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Latvia | 9,477 | 70.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Estonia | 8,500 | 40.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 8,283 | 3.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Spain | 7,724 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Denmark | 7,000 | 17.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Slovakia | 6,983 | 35.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Denmark | 6,000 | 14.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Austria | 5,553 | 10.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 4,764 | 59.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Finland | Lithuania | 4,400 | 81.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Luxembourg | 4,298 | 13.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Latvia | 3,927 | 29.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Austria | Italy | 3,301 | 40.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Hungary | 2,700 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 2,000 | 1.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Estonia | 2,000 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Denmark | 2,000 | 4.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Cyprus | 1,267 | 5.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Czechia | 1,000 | 1.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Estonia | 1,000 | 4.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Lithuania | 1,000 | 18.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Germany | Belgium | 900 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Germany | 403 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Austria | 325 | 0.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 156 | 0.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Portugal | 123 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Italy | 16 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Malta | 6 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
6 flows with a share under 0.1% are not listed here. They are still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-12 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the petrol was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Greece. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.