Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 2,658 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (9%) and Algeria (7%), and 73% came from other EU member states.
Sep 2025
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 442,756 | 27.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (19) | Netherlands | 431,440 | 27.0% | Summed by usSum of 6 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Germany | Netherlands | 326,240 | 20.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 261,123 | 64.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 230,482 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 169,396 | 10.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (19) | Belgium | 130,400 | 55.9% | Summed by usSum of 5 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (19) | France | 105,000 | 57.7% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | Belgium | 98,200 | 42.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (19) | Germany | 87,232 | 21.5% | Summed by usSum of 4 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (19) | Spain | 66,766 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 53,071 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 43,362 | 62.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 41,000 | 22.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 28,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (19) | Hungary | 27,400 | 96.5% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (19) | Italy | 26,249 | 37.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 22,148 | 62.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins (19) | Other EU (3) | 21,000 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (19) | Sweden | 13,469 | 37.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Other EU (3) | 13,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 7,000 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 4,500 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Germany | 4,406 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (3) | 1,500 | 69.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 1,000 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (3) | 655 | 30.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the naphtha was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-09, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-09 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Greece, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.