Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In October 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,811 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were Algeria (14%), the United Kingdom (11%) and the United States (6%), and 57% came from other EU member states.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Oct 2024
Latest month all EU members reported
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
Algeria391 kt (14%)United Kingdom319 kt (11%)United States179 kt (6%)Türkiye139 kt (5%)Norway108 kt (4%)Other origins outside the EU67 kt (2%)Belgium493 kt (18%)Netherlands404 kt (14%)Germany213 kt (8%)Spain141 kt (5%)Italy89 kt (3%)Sweden62 kt (2%)Portugal61 kt (2%)Other EU member states145 kt (5%)Netherlands1.39 Mt (49%)Germany480 kt (17%)France271 kt (10%)Belgium256 kt (9%)Spain134 kt (5%)Sweden85 kt (3%)Greece80 kt (3%)Italy62 kt (2%)Finland28 kt (<1%)Hungary20 kt (<1%)Czechia10 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- Algeria391 kt (14%)
- United Kingdom319 kt (11%)
- United States179 kt (6%)
- Türkiye139 kt (5%)
- Norway108 kt (4%)
- Other origins outside the EU67 kt (2%)
- Belgium493 kt (18%)
- Netherlands404 kt (14%)
- Germany213 kt (8%)
- Spain141 kt (5%)
- Italy89 kt (3%)
- Sweden62 kt (2%)
- Portugal61 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states145 kt (5%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 387,719 | 28.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 300,512 | 21.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 210,614 | 43.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 205,668 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 138,705 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 134,182 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 119,653 | 8.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Germany | 89,539 | 18.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 89,000 | 32.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 75,500 | 29.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Germany | 68,939 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 67,000 | 24.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 60,108 | 4.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 60,000 | 22.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 58,379 | 69.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Netherlands | 55,712 | 4.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 52,800 | 20.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 44,023 | 55.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Germany | 42,595 | 8.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 42,341 | 3.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 39,207 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Portugal | Netherlands | 37,613 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 37,542 | 2.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 36,000 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Greece | 35,786 | 44.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Belgium | 34,700 | 13.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Belgium | 34,000 | 13.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 29,700 | 11.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Italy | 29,574 | 47.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 28,675 | 6.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 26,000 | 92.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Portugal | Belgium | 23,100 | 9.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 19,995 | 32.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | France | 18,000 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 18,000 | 90.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 13,237 | 15.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Sweden | 13,041 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 12,528 | 20.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 9,000 | 90.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Belgium | 5,600 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 2,000 | 10.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Sweden | Finland | 2,000 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Czechia | 1,000 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | France | 1,000 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 605 | 0.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2024-10 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-10 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the naphtha was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-10, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-10 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.