Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,412 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (13%), Algeria (9%) and Türkiye (6%), and 66% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Dec 2024
Latest month all EU members reported
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
United Kingdom313 kt (13%)Algeria211 kt (9%)Türkiye149 kt (6%)Norway64 kt (3%)Other origins outside the EU73 kt (3%)Netherlands402 kt (17%)Belgium342 kt (14%)Germany282 kt (12%)Spain161 kt (7%)Italy146 kt (6%)Sweden94 kt (4%)Portugal51 kt (2%)France50 kt (2%)Other EU member states73 kt (3%)Origin not reported0.8 kt (<1%)Netherlands1.30 Mt (54%)Germany407 kt (17%)France229 kt (9%)Belgium177 kt (7%)Sweden80 kt (3%)Greece63 kt (3%)Italy58 kt (2%)Spain38 kt (2%)Hungary28 kt (1%)Finland26 kt (1%)Portugal2.5 kt (<1%)Slovakia0.1 kt (<1%)
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Country it was last shipped from
- United Kingdom313 kt (13%)
- Algeria211 kt (9%)
- Türkiye149 kt (6%)
- Norway64 kt (3%)
- Other origins outside the EU73 kt (3%)
- Netherlands402 kt (17%)
- Belgium342 kt (14%)
- Germany282 kt (12%)
- Spain161 kt (7%)
- Italy146 kt (6%)
- Sweden94 kt (4%)
- Portugal51 kt (2%)
- France50 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states73 kt (3%)
- Origin not reported0.8 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 307,152 | 23.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 280,450 | 21.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 264,254 | 64.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 248,813 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 137,000 | 59.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 118,168 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 94,298 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 78,245 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 67,334 | 84.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 65,562 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Greece | 63,286 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Portugal | Netherlands | 51,132 | 3.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 49,402 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Germany | 48,150 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 39,400 | 22.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 38,900 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 37,828 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 36,743 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Belgium | 36,000 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | France | 36,000 | 15.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Spain | 30,742 | 80.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Italy | 30,610 | 52.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 29,600 | 16.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Italy | 27,492 | 47.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 26,000 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 26,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 22,746 | 5.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Belgium | 17,800 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 14,900 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 14,000 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Norway | Sweden | 12,510 | 15.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 12,000 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Norway | France | 12,000 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 12,000 | 42.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Spain | 7,644 | 19.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 6,000 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 5,459 | 1.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Hungary | 2,000 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Portugal | 1,526 | 61.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Germany | 1,025 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 948 | 38.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 800 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Other EU member states | Slovakia | 50 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
Source & method
Source Period 2024-12 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the naphtha was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.