Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2024, all 27 EU member states reported importing 2,412 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (13%), Algeria (9%) and Türkiye (6%), and 66% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Dec 2024
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
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Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Germany
- France
- Belgium
- Sweden
- Other EU (7)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 307,152 | 23.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 280,450 | 21.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 264,254 | 64.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 248,813 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (14) | Netherlands | 182,173 | 14.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Algeria | France | 137,000 | 59.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 118,168 | 9.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (14) | Belgium | 86,800 | 48.9% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (14) | Other EU (7) | 82,792 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Italy | Netherlands | 78,245 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 67,334 | 84.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 65,562 | 16.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Other EU (7) | 63,286 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 49,402 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Germany | 48,150 | 11.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 38,900 | 21.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 37,828 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Belgium | 36,000 | 20.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | France | 36,000 | 15.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Other EU (7) | 31,558 | — | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Other origins (14) | Germany | 29,230 | 7.2% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | Other EU (7) | 27,492 | 47.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 26,000 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 14,900 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (14) | Sweden | 12,510 | 15.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (14) | France | 12,000 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 12,000 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | Other EU (7) | 7,644 | 19.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 6,000 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Other EU (7) | 2,000 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Other EU (7) | 1,526 | 61.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Belgium | 800 | 0.5% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2024-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the naphtha was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2024-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2024-12 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.