Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,114 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (8%) and Algeria (6%), and 74% came from other EU member states, with 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Mar 2025
Latest month all EU members reported
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
United Kingdom261 kt (8%)Algeria177 kt (6%)Norway130 kt (4%)Türkiye119 kt (4%)Libya65 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU18 kt (<1%)Belgium606 kt (19%)Germany354 kt (11%)Netherlands335 kt (11%)Spain260 kt (8%)Sweden251 kt (8%)Italy209 kt (7%)Portugal128 kt (4%)Other EU member states164 kt (5%)Origin not reported36 kt (1%)Netherlands1.86 Mt (60%)Germany431 kt (14%)Belgium329 kt (11%)France167 kt (5%)Spain110 kt (4%)Greece95 kt (3%)Sweden36 kt (1%)Hungary36 kt (1%)Finland27 kt (<1%)Italy26 kt (<1%)Romania1.0 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom261 kt (8%)
- Algeria177 kt (6%)
- Norway130 kt (4%)
- Türkiye119 kt (4%)
- Libya65 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU18 kt (<1%)
- Belgium606 kt (19%)
- Germany354 kt (11%)
- Netherlands335 kt (11%)
- Spain260 kt (8%)
- Sweden251 kt (8%)
- Italy209 kt (7%)
- Portugal128 kt (4%)
- Other EU member states164 kt (5%)
- Origin not reported36 kt (1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 495,939 | 26.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 353,836 | 19.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 251,321 | 13.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 251,214 | 58.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 210,717 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 160,665 | 8.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Portugal | Netherlands | 123,231 | 6.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 104,302 | 5.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Netherlands | 102,137 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 99,600 | 30.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 96,222 | 22.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 80,700 | 24.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 80,000 | 47.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Greece | 59,937 | 63.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 54,137 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 49,426 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 48,697 | 44.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 46,500 | 14.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Belgium | 35,600 | 10.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Belgium | 35,200 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Greece | 34,816 | 36.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 32,000 | 19.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 31,400 | 9.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 30,800 | 85.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Libya | Spain | 29,830 | 27.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 27,135 | 24.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 27,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Italy | 26,042 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | Sweden | 25,368 | 70.2% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | France | 22,000 | 13.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 14,000 | 8.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 12,289 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 11,623 | 2.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 11,000 | 6.6% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 10,744 | 29.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 7,000 | 4.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 5,300 | 14.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Türkiye | Germany | 4,893 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Portugal | Germany | 4,518 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Spain | 4,494 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 1,000 | 0.6% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Romania | 1,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 675 | 0.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-03 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the naphtha was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-03, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-03 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.