Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,049 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were Algeria (12%) and the United Kingdom (10%), and 69% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
May 2025
Latest month all EU members reported
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
Algeria371 kt (12%)United Kingdom315 kt (10%)Türkiye129 kt (4%)Other origins outside the EU143 kt (5%)Netherlands377 kt (12%)Belgium370 kt (12%)Spain348 kt (11%)Germany257 kt (8%)Sweden203 kt (7%)France148 kt (5%)Finland138 kt (5%)Italy118 kt (4%)Portugal94 kt (3%)Other EU member states35 kt (1%)Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands1.77 Mt (58%)Germany502 kt (16%)France318 kt (10%)Belgium304 kt (10%)Greece45 kt (1%)Italy32 kt (1%)Sweden26 kt (<1%)Finland23 kt (<1%)Spain20 kt (<1%)Hungary5.6 kt (<1%)Portugal0.9 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Country it was last shipped from
- Algeria371 kt (12%)
- United Kingdom315 kt (10%)
- Türkiye129 kt (4%)
- Other origins outside the EU143 kt (5%)
- Netherlands377 kt (12%)
- Belgium370 kt (12%)
- Spain348 kt (11%)
- Germany257 kt (8%)
- Sweden203 kt (7%)
- France148 kt (5%)
- Finland138 kt (5%)
- Italy118 kt (4%)
- Portugal94 kt (3%)
- Other EU member states35 kt (1%)
- Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 324,537 | 64.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 302,590 | 17.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 268,801 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 257,361 | 14.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 202,855 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 186,391 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 162,266 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 138,411 | 7.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 136,000 | 42.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 125,100 | 41.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 109,603 | 6.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 98,000 | 30.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Portugal | Netherlands | 88,051 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 67,268 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 65,100 | 21.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 57,030 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Belgium | 46,600 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Germany | 36,011 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 34,900 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 34,531 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 34,000 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 31,000 | 9.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 25,969 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Germany | 25,893 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 25,600 | 8.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Spain | Greece | 25,007 | 55.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Italy | 23,992 | 74.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 23,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Spain | 20,056 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Greece | 19,761 | 44.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 17,000 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 11,513 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Italy | 8,388 | 25.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Portugal | Belgium | 5,900 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 3,600 | 64.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Germany | 2,178 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 2,000 | 35.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | France | 1,000 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 850 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the naphtha was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.