Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2025, all 27 EU member states reported importing 3,049 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were Algeria (12%) and the United Kingdom (10%), and 69% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
May 2025
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Country it was last shipped from
- Colour = importing country:
- Netherlands
- Germany
- France
- Belgium
- Greece
- Other EU (6)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country last shipped from
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other origins (16) | Netherlands | 336,065 | 19.0% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Netherlands | Germany | 324,537 | 64.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 302,590 | 17.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 268,801 | 15.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 257,361 | 14.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 202,855 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 186,391 | 10.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 162,266 | 9.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 136,000 | 42.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (16) | France | 129,000 | 40.6% | Summed by usSum of 2 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Spain | Belgium | 125,100 | 41.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (16) | Other EU (6) | 107,005 | — | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| Belgium | Germany | 67,268 | 13.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 65,100 | 21.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 57,030 | 3.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Belgium | 46,600 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Germany | 36,011 | 7.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 34,900 | 11.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (16) | Germany | 34,531 | 6.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 34,000 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (16) | Belgium | 31,800 | 10.5% | Summed by usSum of 3 reported flows, added up on this page. |
| France | Germany | 25,893 | 5.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Spain | Greece | 25,007 | 55.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Other origins (16) | Greece | 19,761 | 44.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 17,000 | 5.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 11,513 | 2.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Germany | 2,178 | 0.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 1,000 | 0.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.3% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | Other EU (6) | 850 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
Source & method
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined.
Left: the country the naphtha was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-05 (requested; 27 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): for refined products, the country the fuel was last shipped from, as each EU member state reports it; it may be a trading hub rather than where the fuel was refined. The customs basis is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states may be fuel refined there or fuel only shipped on from elsewhere; they are grouped separately.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.