Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In September 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 2,658 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (9%) and Algeria (7%), and 73% came from other EU member states.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Sep 2025
Latest month all EU members reported
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
United Kingdom244 kt (9%)Algeria190 kt (7%)Norway106 kt (4%)Türkiye94 kt (4%)Other origins outside the EU95 kt (4%)Belgium525 kt (20%)Netherlands373 kt (14%)Germany334 kt (13%)Spain272 kt (10%)France121 kt (5%)Italy97 kt (4%)Sweden55 kt (2%)Finland47 kt (2%)Other EU member states105 kt (4%)Netherlands1.60 Mt (60%)Germany406 kt (15%)Belgium233 kt (9%)France182 kt (7%)Italy70 kt (3%)Spain67 kt (3%)Sweden36 kt (1%)Hungary28 kt (1%)Finland26 kt (<1%)Czechia8.0 kt (<1%)Portugal2.2 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Belgium | Netherlands | 442,756 | 27.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 326,240 | 20.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 261,123 | 64.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 230,482 | 14.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 169,396 | 10.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 131,187 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 98,200 | 42.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 88,119 | 5.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 65,301 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Germany | 57,945 | 14.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 55,179 | 3.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 53,071 | 13.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Norway | Belgium | 47,600 | 20.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 46,708 | 2.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 46,000 | 25.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 44,946 | 2.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Italy | 43,362 | 62.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 41,000 | 22.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 36,123 | 54.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 35,400 | 15.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| France | Belgium | 32,700 | 14.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 30,643 | 45.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | France | 30,000 | 16.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | France | 29,000 | 15.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 28,000 | 15.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Italy | 26,249 | 37.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 25,044 | 6.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 23,900 | 84.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 22,148 | 62.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Belgium | 14,600 | 6.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Sweden | 13,469 | 37.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United Kingdom | Finland | 13,000 | 50.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 13,000 | 50.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Czechia | 8,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | France | 7,000 | 3.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 4,500 | 1.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Germany | 4,406 | 1.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 3,500 | 12.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Germany | 3,026 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Portugal | 1,500 | 69.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 1,217 | 0.3% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Hungary | 1,000 | 3.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | France | 1,000 | 0.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 655 | 30.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-09 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-09 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the naphtha was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-09, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-09 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Denmark, Estonia, Greece, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.