Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In December 2025, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 2,641 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (13%), Türkiye (7%) and Algeria (6%), and 67% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
Dec 2025
Latest month all EU members reported
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
United Kingdom345 kt (13%)Türkiye183 kt (7%)Algeria154 kt (6%)Libya52 kt (2%)Other origins outside the EU125 kt (5%)Netherlands352 kt (13%)Belgium255 kt (10%)France211 kt (8%)Germany207 kt (8%)Finland206 kt (8%)Italy195 kt (7%)Spain193 kt (7%)Sweden54 kt (2%)Other EU member states109 kt (4%)Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands1.49 Mt (56%)Germany353 kt (13%)Belgium261 kt (10%)France150 kt (6%)Spain109 kt (4%)Italy97 kt (4%)Greece62 kt (2%)Hungary41 kt (2%)Finland40 kt (2%)Sweden38 kt (1%)Portugal2.1 kt (<1%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom345 kt (13%)
- Türkiye183 kt (7%)
- Algeria154 kt (6%)
- Libya52 kt (2%)
- Other origins outside the EU125 kt (5%)
- Netherlands352 kt (13%)
- Belgium255 kt (10%)
- France211 kt (8%)
- Germany207 kt (8%)
- Finland206 kt (8%)
- Italy195 kt (7%)
- Spain193 kt (7%)
- Sweden54 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states109 kt (4%)
- Origin not reported1.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 339,931 | 22.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Germany | 262,089 | 74.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 238,716 | 16.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 203,963 | 13.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 192,378 | 12.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 122,069 | 8.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Netherlands | 105,602 | 7.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Netherlands | 95,777 | 6.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 93,000 | 62.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 77,565 | 22.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | Netherlands | 75,276 | 5.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 73,954 | 67.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 70,500 | 27.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Belgium | 68,300 | 26.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 63,700 | 24.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Netherlands | 60,669 | 4.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 54,377 | 3.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Italy | 47,496 | 48.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| France | Italy | 47,115 | 48.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 40,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 35,038 | 32.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 33,400 | 82.5% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 32,349 | 52.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Libya | France | 30,000 | 20.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Belgium | 29,800 | 11.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Türkiye | Greece | 29,672 | 47.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | Sweden | 24,037 | 63.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Libya | Belgium | 21,600 | 8.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | France | 16,000 | 10.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Sweden | 13,580 | 36.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Belgium | France | 9,000 | 6.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 7,606 | 2.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 7,100 | 2.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Hungary | 7,100 | 17.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 5,522 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Italy | 2,478 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Portugal | 1,041 | 50.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Portugal | 1,032 | 49.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Netherlands | France | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Origin not reported | France | 1,000 | 0.7% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2025-12 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2025-12 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the naphtha was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2025-12, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2025-12 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.