Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In May 2026, 26 of 27 EU member states reported importing 2,648 kt of naphtha; the largest origins outside the EU were the United Kingdom (9%), and 73% came from other EU member states, with less than 1% not attributed to any country.
Countries shownAll countriesTop 5 originsTop 5 destinations
Month
May 2026
Latest month all EU members reported
| 2026 | |
|---|---|
| 2025 | |
| 2024 | |
| 2023 |
United Kingdom244 kt (9%)Algeria118 kt (4%)United States104 kt (4%)Other origins outside the EU241 kt (9%)Belgium359 kt (14%)Netherlands358 kt (14%)Germany245 kt (9%)Spain235 kt (9%)Italy201 kt (8%)Sweden77 kt (3%)Finland77 kt (3%)Lithuania69 kt (3%)Portugal64 kt (2%)Other EU member states253 kt (10%)Origin not reported2.0 kt (<1%)Netherlands1.38 Mt (52%)Germany490 kt (19%)Belgium332 kt (13%)Spain171 kt (6%)France148 kt (6%)Hungary40 kt (2%)Greece36 kt (1%)Finland27 kt (1%)Sweden26 kt (<1%)
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Where the oil was produced
- United Kingdom244 kt (9%)
- Algeria118 kt (4%)
- United States104 kt (4%)
- Other origins outside the EU241 kt (9%)
- Belgium359 kt (14%)
- Netherlands358 kt (14%)
- Germany245 kt (9%)
- Spain235 kt (9%)
- Italy201 kt (8%)
- Sweden77 kt (3%)
- Finland77 kt (3%)
- Lithuania69 kt (3%)
- Portugal64 kt (2%)
- Other EU member states253 kt (10%)
- Origin not reported2.0 kt (<1%)
- Reported (solid)
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
- Reported; colour = country of production
- Summed by us (dotted)
- Origin not reported (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Netherlands | Germany | 323,177 | 66.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Netherlands | 282,636 | 20.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United Kingdom | Netherlands | 244,462 | 17.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Netherlands | 203,384 | 14.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Netherlands | 127,729 | 9.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Spain | Belgium | 107,500 | 32.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Spain | 103,104 | 60.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | Netherlands | 102,521 | 7.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| United States | Netherlands | 78,157 | 5.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Sweden | Netherlands | 76,795 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Finland | Netherlands | 76,789 | 5.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Germany | 69,434 | 14.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Lithuania | Netherlands | 69,227 | 5.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | France | 65,000 | 43.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Germany | 61,182 | 12.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Belgium | 55,500 | 16.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Belgium | 52,500 | 15.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | Netherlands | 50,943 | 3.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other origins outside the EU | France | 49,000 | 33.1% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Portugal | Netherlands | 40,817 | 3.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Greece | 35,751 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Netherlands | Belgium | 33,500 | 10.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Germany | Belgium | 33,100 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Germany | 32,860 | 6.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Spain | 28,724 | 16.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Hungary | 27,500 | 68.2% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Finland | 27,000 | 100.0% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Algeria | Belgium | 26,400 | 8.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Algeria | Spain | 26,167 | 15.3% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| United States | Sweden | 25,823 | 100.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Italy | Netherlands | 23,872 | 1.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Portugal | Belgium | 23,200 | 7.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Spain | 13,398 | 7.8% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Italy | France | 13,000 | 8.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other EU member states | France | 11,000 | 7.4% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Germany | Hungary | 8,800 | 21.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Belgium | France | 7,000 | 4.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
| Other origins outside the EU | Hungary | 4,000 | 9.9% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Other EU member states | Germany | 3,366 | 0.7% | Summed by usSum of the published imports from the smaller origins. |
| Origin not reported | France | 2,000 | 1.4% | Summed by usPublisher's import total minus the named partners. |
| Netherlands | France | 1,000 | 0.7% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by country of origin, energy basis) |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-05 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:22 UTCConfidenceOfficialMethodologyDownload CSV
Eurostat (European Commission)Official
Provenance
OfficialOfficial- Publisher
- Eurostat (European Commission)
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country - monthly datanrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm
- Period
- 2026-05 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 07:29 UTC
- Type
- Official
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised with attribution
- Tonnes are the figures each member state published (OFFICIAL); shares and the 'Other' and 'Origin not reported' sums are our arithmetic on them (CALCULATED).
- Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced.
Left: where the naphtha was produced. Right: the EU member state that reported importing it in 2026-05, in tonnes. Every solid flow is a figure a member state published. In the Top 5 views the other side keeps its eight largest countries and sums the rest into one “Other” row (our arithmetic, dotted).
Month: 2026-05 (requested; 26 of 27 member states reported). Energy basis: the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm).
Not in the diagram: Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia. They reported no imports above zero from any named origin for this month (a reported zero, or origins the publisher withheld). That is not the same as importing nothing.
- Energy basis (Eurostat nrg_ti_oilm): the country where the oil was produced, as each EU member state reports it. The customs basis (country of consignment) is not mixed in.
- Imports from other EU member states are mostly re-exports of oil produced elsewhere; they are grouped separately so they are not read as production.
- A member state's imports the publisher did not attribute to a country are shown as 'Origin not reported', never spread over the named origins.