Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In February 2026, Austria's petrol supply was 195 kt: 74% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (21%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Kazakhstan (30%), Libya (17%) and Guyana (9%), and 8% cannot be traced.
Country
Kazakhstan59 kt (est. 30%)Libya34 kt (est. 17%)Guyana18 kt (est. 9%)United Kingdom17 kt (est. 9%)United States12 kt (est. 6%)Brazil9.1 kt (est. 5%)Iraq8.2 kt (est. 4%)Other crude origins23 kt (est. 12%)Austria: crude not from imports10.0 kt (5%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports3.1 kt (2%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported1.4 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: no refinery0.3 kt (<1%)Austria (own refineries)144 kt (74%)Germany42 kt (21%)Slovakia5.0 kt (3%)Hungary1.9 kt (<1%)Czechia1.7 kt (<1%)Slovenia0.3 kt (<1%)Austria: petrol supply195 kt (100%)
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Crude origin (estimate)
- Kazakhstan59 kt (est. 30%)
- Libya34 kt (est. 17%)
- Guyana18 kt (est. 9%)
- United Kingdom17 kt (est. 9%)
- United States12 kt (est. 6%)
- Brazil9.1 kt (est. 5%)
- Iraq8.2 kt (est. 4%)
- Other crude origins23 kt (est. 12%)
- Austria: crude not from imports10.0 kt (5%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports3.1 kt (2%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported1.4 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: no refinery0.3 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria (own refineries) | Austria: petrol supply | 144,205 | 74.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Austria: petrol supply | 41,721 | 21.4% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria: petrol supply | 4,993 | 2.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Hungary | Austria: petrol supply | 1,857 | 1.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Austria: petrol supply | 1,723 | 0.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovenia | Austria: petrol supply | 268 | 0.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kazakhstan | Austria (own refineries) | 52,790 | 36.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria (own refineries) | 27,581 | 19.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Austria (own refineries) | 14,684 | 10.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Austria (own refineries) | 12,674 | 8.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 11,503 | 27.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Austria: crude not from imports | Austria (own refineries) | 9,991 | 6.9% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Brazil | Austria (own refineries) | 8,352 | 5.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Austria (own refineries) | 7,550 | 5.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 6,705 | 16.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 6,220 | 14.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 5,756 | 13.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria (own refineries) | 5,578 | 3.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria (own refineries) | 5,004 | 3.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 4,617 | 11.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 3,875 | 77.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Germany | 2,864 | 6.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Czechia | 1,509 | 87.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Germany | 1,432 | 3.4% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 1,242 | 3.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Hungary | 1,048 | 56.5% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Slovakia | 813 | 16.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Other crude origins | Hungary | 809 | 43.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Austria split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Brazil | Germany | 713 | 1.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Germany | 669 | 1.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Slovakia | 305 | 6.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: no refinery | Slovenia | 268 | 100.0% | UnknownThe supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia | 214 | 12.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2025-12 to 2026-02. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-02 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-02 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Austria’s supply of petrol in 2026-02, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Countries without a crude refinery can appear under "Last shipped from": the importing country's statistics record where the fuel arrived from. It was refined elsewhere and either sold on or passed through that country's terminals; the statistics do not say which, or where it was refined.
Month: 2026-02 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2025-12 to 2026-02.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Austria: crude not from imports (9,991 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (3,103 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (1,432 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: no refinery (268 t): The supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.