Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In March 2026, Austria's jet fuel supply was 57 kt: 88% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (10%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Kazakhstan (24%), Libya (17%) and the United Kingdom (13%), and 10% cannot be traced.
Country
Kazakhstan14 kt (est. 24%)Libya9.9 kt (est. 17%)United Kingdom7.1 kt (est. 13%)Guyana5.1 kt (est. 9%)United States3.7 kt (est. 7%)Brazil3.1 kt (est. 6%)Iraq2.8 kt (est. 5%)Other crude origins5.4 kt (est. 10%)Austria: crude not from imports5.6 kt (10%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.1 kt (<1%)Austria (own refineries)50 kt (88%)Germany5.7 kt (10%)Belgium1.2 kt (2%)Austria: jet fuel supply57 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Colour = where it went:
- Austria (own refineries)
- Germany
- Belgium
- Kazakhstan14 kt (est. 24%)
- Libya9.9 kt (est. 17%)
- United Kingdom7.1 kt (est. 13%)
- Guyana5.1 kt (est. 9%)
- United States3.7 kt (est. 7%)
- Brazil3.1 kt (est. 6%)
- Iraq2.8 kt (est. 5%)
- Other crude origins5.4 kt (est. 10%)
- Austria: crude not from imports5.6 kt (10%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria (own refineries) | Austria: jet fuel supply | 49,719 | 87.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Austria: jet fuel supply | 5,662 | 10.0% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Belgium | Austria: jet fuel supply | 1,165 | 2.1% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kazakhstan | Austria (own refineries) | 12,893 | 25.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria (own refineries) | 9,205 | 18.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Austria (own refineries) | 6,393 | 12.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Austria: crude not from imports | Austria (own refineries) | 5,627 | 11.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Guyana | Austria (own refineries) | 4,490 | 9.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Brazil | Austria (own refineries) | 3,004 | 6.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria (own refineries) | 2,861 | 5.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Austria (own refineries) | 2,716 | 5.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria (own refineries) | 2,530 | 5.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's jet fuel to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 1,925 | 34.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 926 | 16.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 695 | 12.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Belgium | 664 | 57.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Austria split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 660 | 11.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 617 | 10.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Germany | 536 | 9.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Belgium | 231 | 19.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Austria split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Germany | 135 | 2.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Brazil | Germany | 89 | 1.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Belgium | 81 | 7.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Austria split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Germany | 78 | 1.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's jet fuel to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Belgium | 68 | 5.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Austria split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Belgium | 67 | 5.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Austria split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Iraq | Belgium | 35 | 3.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Austria split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
| Brazil | Belgium | 19 | 1.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Belgium's jet fuel to Austria split by Belgium's crude-import mix over 2026-01 to 2026-03. Confidence: medium. |
Source & method
Source Period 2026-03 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-03 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Austria’s supply of jet fuel in 2026-03, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Month: 2026-03 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-01 to 2026-03.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Austria: crude not from imports (5,627 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (135 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.