Flows
How oil reaches each country
Where the EU’s crude oil and fuel come from, as each member state reports its imports; every band’s width is proportional to tonnes.
In April 2026, Austria's petrol supply was 213 kt: 70% from its own refineries, with imports mainly from Germany (27%); tracing one step back, the crude behind it is estimated to come mainly from Kazakhstan (35%), Guyana (12%) and Libya (10%), and 6% cannot be traced.
Country
Kazakhstan75 kt (est. 35%)Guyana26 kt (est. 12%)Libya22 kt (est. 10%)United Kingdom19 kt (est. 9%)United States14 kt (est. 7%)Norway10 kt (est. 5%)Saudi Arabia9.6 kt (est. 4%)Other crude origins26 kt (est. 12%)Austria: crude not from imports8.1 kt (4%)Germany: crude not from imports2.8 kt (1%)Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.5 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: no refinery0.4 kt (<1%)Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.1 kt (<1%)Austria (own refineries)149 kt (70%)Germany59 kt (27%)Slovakia3.4 kt (2%)Czechia1.7 kt (<1%)Slovenia0.4 kt (<1%)Hungaryless than 0.1 kt (<1%)Austria: petrol supply213 kt (100%)
Tap a country to follow its flows. Tap it again, or use the close button, to clear.
Crude origin (estimate)
- Kazakhstan75 kt (est. 35%)
- Guyana26 kt (est. 12%)
- Libya22 kt (est. 10%)
- United Kingdom19 kt (est. 9%)
- United States14 kt (est. 7%)
- Norway10 kt (est. 5%)
- Saudi Arabia9.6 kt (est. 4%)
- Other crude origins26 kt (est. 12%)
- Austria: crude not from imports8.1 kt (4%)
- Germany: crude not from imports2.8 kt (1%)
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported0.5 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: no refinery0.4 kt (<1%)
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports0.1 kt (<1%)
Last shipped from
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
- Reported (solid)
- Our arithmetic on reported figures (dotted)
- Estimated crude behind the fuel (dashed)
- Cannot be traced (hatched)
The numbers as a table
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria (own refineries) | Austria: petrol supply | 149,048 | 69.9% | ReportedEurostat nrg_cb_oilm (refinery output) |
| Germany | Austria: petrol supply | 58,610 | 27.5% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovakia | Austria: petrol supply | 3,371 | 1.6% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Czechia | Austria: petrol supply | 1,686 | 0.8% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| Slovenia | Austria: petrol supply | 403 | 0.2% | ReportedEurostat nrg_ti_oilm (imports by partner country, energy basis) |
| From | To | Tonnes | Share | How we know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kazakhstan | Austria (own refineries) | 67,154 | 45.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Austria (own refineries) | 19,755 | 13.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Austria (own refineries) | 16,337 | 11.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Austria (own refineries) | 13,885 | 9.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Austria (own refineries) | 12,105 | 8.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Germany | 9,877 | 16.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Germany | 9,856 | 16.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Germany | 9,038 | 15.4% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Austria: crude not from imports | Austria (own refineries) | 8,112 | 5.4% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Kazakhstan | Germany | 7,533 | 12.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Austria (own refineries) | 6,728 | 4.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Germany | 6,275 | 10.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Guyana | Germany | 6,201 | 10.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Germany | 5,415 | 9.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United States | Austria (own refineries) | 4,972 | 3.3% | EstimatedEstimate: Austria's petrol to Austria split by Austria's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Germany: crude not from imports | Germany | 2,807 | 4.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Saudi Arabia | Germany | 1,609 | 2.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Germany's petrol to Austria split by Germany's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Slovakia | 1,266 | 37.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Czechia | 634 | 37.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Slovakia | 580 | 17.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| United Kingdom | Slovakia | 566 | 16.8% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude origin not reported | Slovakia | 515 | 15.3% | UnknownThe supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from. |
| Other crude origins | Czechia | 492 | 29.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: no refinery | Slovenia | 403 | 100.0% | UnknownThe supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only. |
| Kazakhstan | Czechia | 279 | 16.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Slovakia | 222 | 6.6% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Libya | Slovakia | 191 | 5.7% | EstimatedEstimate: Slovakia's petrol to Austria split by Slovakia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Czechia | 183 | 10.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Czechia's petrol to Austria split by Czechia's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Czechia | 97 | 5.8% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Slovakia | 32 | 1.0% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Smaller flows: crude not from imports | Hungary | 5 | 47.3% | UnknownThe refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix. |
| Libya | Hungary | 2 | 22.0% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Austria split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Other crude origins | Hungary | 1 | 14.1% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Austria split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Saudi Arabia | Hungary | 1 | 7.2% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Austria split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Norway | Hungary | 1 | 6.9% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Austria split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
| Kazakhstan | Hungary | 0 | 2.5% | EstimatedEstimate: Hungary's petrol to Austria split by Hungary's crude-import mix over 2026-02 to 2026-04. Confidence: medium. |
One flow with a share under 0.1% is not listed here. It is still counted in every total and drawn in the diagram, and the CSV under Source & method lists every flow.
Source & method
Source Period 2026-04 (month)Updated 2026-09-26 13:30 UTCConfidenceMediumMethodologyDownload CSV
EurostatInferred · medium
Provenance
Inferred · mediumMedium- Publisher
- Eurostat
- Dataset id
- Imports of oil and petroleum products by partner country, monthly data (refined products)nrg_ti_oilmeurostat_nrg_ti_oilm_products
- Period
- 2026-04 (month)
- Retrieved
- 2026-09-23 12:11 UTC
- Type
- Inferred · medium
- Transformation
- none applied - stored exactly as published
- Licence
- Commission Decision 2011/833/EU - reuse authorised provided the source is acknowledged
- Supplier -> country links are published figures (OFFICIAL; the unattributed remainder and any 'Other suppliers' sum are CALCULATED).
- Crude -> supplier links are an estimate (INFERRED) from each supplier's crude-import mix; the published crude imports behind each one are in links[].evidence.
- Untraceable volumes are explicit UNKNOWN nodes with their cause. They are never spread over the traced origins.
Left: the crude oil behind the fuel (an estimate). Middle: the country’s own refineries and the countries the fuel was last shipped from, which may be a trading hub rather than where it was refined; the estimate treats each as the refiner. Right: Austria’s supply of petrol in 2026-04, in tonnes of fuel. Only the middle-to-right flows are reported figures.
Countries without a crude refinery can appear under "Last shipped from": the importing country's statistics record where the fuel arrived from. It was refined elsewhere and either sold on or passed through that country's terminals; the statistics do not say which, or where it was refined.
Month: 2026-04 (requested). Crude mixes are pooled over 2026-02 to 2026-04.
Fuel that cannot be traced, and the reason
- Austria: crude not from imports (8,112 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Germany: crude not from imports (2,807 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Smaller flows: crude origin not reported (515 t): The supplying country's statistics did not say where part of its crude came from.
- Smaller flows: no refinery (403 t): The supplying country has no crude oil refinery (a cited confirmed zero), so the fuel was made elsewhere and passed through. We look back one step only.
- Smaller flows: crude not from imports (134 t): The refineries used more crude than the country imported (its own production or stocks). That part is not traced rather than being filled with the import mix.
- Only the supplier -> country links are reported figures. The crude -> supplier links are an estimate: each supplier's fuel is split by that supplier's own crude-import mix over the latest three months.
- Exports are assumed to be drawn from every source in proportion to its share of supply.
- The chain looks back one country only. Imports are counted under the country the fuel was last shipped from; where that country has refineries, fuel that only passed through it is traced as if it had been refined there.
- Widths are tonnes of this fuel, not tonnes of crude oil: a refinery makes several products from each tonne of crude.